Samuel Youd

Charles-Gilbert Rome . (1750-1795). French politician and revolutionist.

Biography

De Riom in Paris, via Saint-Petersbourg

Of a middle-class family of Riom (Auvergne), the weather is its studies at the same time as his brother, the future mathematician Charles Rome, with the Collège of Oratoriens of Riom then, during five years, with Paris. From 1779 to 1790, he becomes the tutor of Paul Stroganov, wire of the Russian count A.S. Stroganov, with Saint-Pétersbourg, then with Geneva and finally in Paris. In January 1790, it creates in Paris the Club of the Friends of the law , which makes it popular and allows him to be elected with the legislative Assemblée (1791), where it takes part with Condorcet in the Committee of instruction, and with the Convention by the Département of the Puy-de-Dôme (1792).

With Convention

After the day of the August 10th, 1792, the fall of monarchy made null and void the constitution of 1791, which involves the convocation of the national Convention. One of its first tasks is to make the lawsuit of the king; conventional Rome votes the death of Louis XVI (January 1793). It belongs to the Comité of state education where it plays a big role. It is in particular charged to conceive the revolutionary Calendrier; it presents, on September 17th, 1793, his report/ratio at the Committee of state education, which accepts it, without being able to agree on the nomenclature. Convention adopts it on October 5th, 1793 (the names of month are of Fabre d' Eglantine); October 24th (3 brumaire year II), it adopts the nomenclature suggested by Fabre d' Églantine.

Representing on mission

The national Convention sends many its members, provided with broad capacities, near the armies and in the departments. Rome is missionné at least twice (cf Mr. Biard, Missionnaires of the Republic ).

with the Armed with the coasts of Cherbourg on April 30th, 1793. Stopped in Caen on June 9th with his/her colleague Prior of the Marne like hostage by the federalistic , it is released on July 29th after the collapse of the insurrection in Normandy.
in the close Dordogne and departments to activate the manufacture of guns for the Navy and to purify the local governments, of the 24 pluviôse year II (February 12th, 1794) to the 4 vendémiaire year III (September 25th, 1794).

It is thus absent from Paris at the time of the Thermidor 9.

Peak at the days of Meadow

Its return on the benches of Convention, Rome joins the group of about thirty deputies which disputes the policy of the thermidoriens and intend to continue the work of the Mountain, groups that one calls the “Crêtois”.

1st meadow year III (May 20th, 1795), the popular riot invades Convention. In the mob, conventional, Féraud, is assassinated, its head walked at the end of a spade. The meeting is adjourned but includes in the evening: representatives “Crêtois”, whose Rome, make vote a series of law favorable to the rioters. One thinks today that this resumption of meeting was an operation to compromise the last Mountain dwellers - at the end of the meeting, fourteen deputies are placed in a state of arrest. Eleven of them are submitted before a military commission, of which six (Bourbotte, Duquesnoy, Duroy, Goujon, Rome and Soubrany) are condemned to died 29 meadow (June 18th, 1795). They try to commit suicide with the audience; three of them, among which Gilbert Rome, reach that point. Whereas they descend the staircase to go up in the cart, his/her Goujon comrade leaves a hidden knife, strikes himself in the middle, and passes it to Rome. “I die for the Republic” are his last words. They thereafter will be called the “martyrs of Meadow. ”

Bibliographical orientations

Gallant Garrone, Alessandro, Gilbert Rome, history of a revolutionist, 1750-1795 , Flammarion, 1971 (Einaudi, 1959).
Ehrard, Jean (to dir.), Gilbert Rome (1750-1795), acts of the conference of Riom (May 19th and 20th 1995) , Company of the studies robespierrists, 1995.
of Paulis, Mara, Gilbert Rome, birth and died of a revolutionist , Atlantica, 1998.
Biard, Michel, Missionaries of the Republic, the representatives of the people on mission (1793-1795) , Committee of historical and scientific work, 2002.
Gilbert Rome, Correspondence , 2 volumes, university Presses Blaise Pascal Clermont-Ferrand II, 2006

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