Samuel Thomas von Sömmering

Samuel Thomas von Soemmering is a Médecin, a anatomist, a anthropologist, a paleontologist and an inventive German, born the January 28th 1755 with Thorn, Hanseatic city of Prussia and dead the March 2nd 1830 with Francfort-sur-le-Main.

Biography

Samuel Thomas Sömmering is the ninth child of the doctor Johann Thomas Sömmering. After having completed its studies with Thorn in 1774, it leaves to study the Médecine with the Université of Göttingen of 1774 - 1778, and follows in particular the courses of the famous anatomist Johann Friedrich Blumenbach. He is elected in 1780 with the Academy of Science of Göttingen. He obtains the pulpit of Anatomie in famous Collegium Carolinum of Kassel, later, at the university of Mainz starting from 1784. Senior of this university during five, it starts to exert medicine in 1795 in Frankfurt.

Sömmering takes part in the introduction of vaccinates against the Variole. It becomes one of the first members of the Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft and is named to advise. After having refused offers of the University S of Iéna and Saint-Pétersbourg, it accepts, in 1804, the invitation of the Academy of Science from Bavaria in Munich. Sömmering there becomes adviser attached to the court and is anobli.

It Marie with Margarethe Elizabeth Grunelius (which dies in 1802). From this union will be born a son, Dietmar William, and a girl Susanne Katharina. Its bad health obliges it to leave Munich in 1820 and to go back to Frankfurt where he dies ten years later. It is buried in the principal cemetery of the city.

The correspondence of Sömmering is very rich, Goethe (1749-1832), Kant (1724-1804) or Alexander von Humboldt (1769-1859) account among its regular correspondents. The letters which it exchanges with Georg Forster (1754-1794) were published in 1878 by Hermann Theodor Hettner (1821-1882).

Scientists activity

There devote part of its thesis of medicine to the organization of the cranial nerves, its observations remaining always valid today. It publishes many publications in the field of medicine, in Anatomie, Neuroanatomie (it is him which discovers the Macula human Rétine), in Anthropologie, in Paléontologie, Astronomie and Philosophie.

Sömmering is also a prolific inventor. He works in particular on Télescope S and a electric Télégraphe in 1809. Two years later, it develops the first telegraphic system of Bavaria, currently preserved at German Muséum of sciences and technology of Munich. It is also interested in the Aérostat S (it is him which carries out the first balloon with hot air of Germany). He also works on many subjects going of the solar tasks with the Vin.

List partial of the publications

Über die körperliche Verschiedenheit of Mohren vom Europär (1774)
Vom Hirn- und Rückenmark (Mainz 1788,2. Aufl. 1792);
Vom Beam of the menschlichen Körpers (Frankfurt amndt Hand 1791-96, 6 Bde. ; 2. Aufl. 1800; neue Aufl. von Bischoff, Henle U. a., Leipzig 1839-45, 8 Bde.);
Of corporis humani fabrica (Frankfurt amndt Hand 1794-1801, 6 Bde.);
Of morbis vasorum absorbentium corporis humani (Frankfurt amndt Hand 1795);
Tabula sceleti feminini (Frankfurt amndt Hand 1798);
Abbildungen of the menschlichen Troughs (Frankfurt amndt Hand 1801),
Abbildungen of the menschlichen Hörorgans (Frankfurt amndt Hand 1806),
Abbindungen of the menschlichen Organs of Geschmacks und der Stimme (Frankfurt amndt Hand 1806),
Abbildungen DER menschlichen Body of Geruchs (1809).

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