Samuel Anthony Alito Jr. (April 1st 1950, Trenton, New Jersey -) is an American judge sitting at the Supreme court of the United States of America since the January 31st 2006 (). Previously, it was in post office with the federal Court of Appeal for the third circuit, in load of the States of Pennsylvania, the New Jersey and the Delaware.

Its preserving interpretations of the right bring it closer to Antonin Scalia, also judge at the Supreme court of the United States of America, and were worth the nickname of “Scalito to him”, the hero of the conservatives. However, according to his former colleagues, he is not as theorist nor ideologist as Scalia.

Biography

Samuel Alito is the son of Samuel Alito Sr. an emigrant Italy N arrived at the United States in 1914 and of Pink Alito. Samuel Alito Sr. of the legislative services of the New Jersey of 1952 with 1984 will become the director.

The Samuel young person engaged in the army, at the end of the Guerre of Vietnam, to pay his studies with the Université of Princeton which it leaves graduate with a " Bachelor off Arts" in 1972. Rather near to the values Libertarien, it does not defend the rights of homosexual at the time of a conference coeds in 1971 and declares, have regard to the respect of the private life, " that no sex act between agreeing adults can be interdit" (" No private sexual act between consenting adults should Be forbidden")

It would seem however that Alito was member of an association ultra-preserving coed (" Concerned Alumni off Princeton"), qualified by its detractors of racist and sexist but it thereafter publicly took its distances with this association.

It joined then the school of right of the Université of Yale, where it obtains its diploma for the occupation of doctor in right ( Juris Doctor ) in 1975. Of 1981 with 1985 he is assistant near lawyer of the US government, ( Solicitor General ) Rex E. Lee then vice-assistant near the Minister for Justice ( U.S. Attorney General ) Edwin Meese of 1985 with 1987. He pleads twelve businesses before the Supreme court.

He is then public prosecutor for the district of the New Jersey, before its candidature to be a judge at the Court of Appeal of the United States for the third circuit (intermediate legal level between the district courts and the Supreme court) is proposed by the president George H.W. Bush the February 20th 1990. The Sénat of the United States validates its candidature unanimously the April 27th and it takes its station the April 30th at the Court of Appeal for the third circuit to Philadelphia.

Samuel Alito is married with old a librarian, Bomgardner Martha-Year, since 1985 and the couple has a son, Philip and a girl, Laura. They live in West Caldwell close to Newark, New Jersey.

Nomination in 2005

When the judge at the supreme court Sandra Day O'Connor announces his resignation in July 2005, Alito is seen like one of the favorites to be selected by the president George W. Bush. The president finally decides to propose the candidature of John Roberts then that of Harriet Miers in front of the senators to become judge at the Supreme court.

Disputed within the preserving own camp of the president, the candidature of Miers is withdrawn the October 27th 2005.

The October 31st 2005, president Bush names Samuel Alito at the Supreme court.

The confirmation of this nomination by the Senate was one of the great battles policy of the year in the United States. At the time of his career, Samuel Alito defended several positions which locate it in the preserving rows:

  • In 1991, it defends the constitutionality of a law subjecting IVG to the obligation for a wife to notify her choice with the husband and the obligation of a parental authorization for minor. This parental authorization, authorized by a stop of the Supreme court in 1992, was validated in thirty-three American states but not that concerning the marital authorization.
  • In 1996, it limits the possibilities of judgment in front of a jury in the businesses of sexual Discrimination. Three years earlier, he had however admitted the deposit of a request for asylum of an Iranian woman, while justifying of a sexual persecution.
  • In 1999, it cancels a payment which prohibited the police officers from wearing the beard for religious reasons, the exception being the medical reasons.
  • In 1999 again, it judges the presence of a Crèche of Christmas in a noncontradictory public building with the religious neutrality of the State.

The chief of the democratic minority with the Senate of the United States, Harry Reid, before the official declaration of candidature, had announced that approval by the Senate of the nomination of Alito “would pose many problems”.

Alito is a catholic practitioner. If it were confirmed, the Court would then include/understand for the first time a majority of catholics, with five catholic judges for two Protesting S and two Juif S. By replacing Mrs. O' Connor, Alito would not leave nothing any more but only one woman, Mrs. Ruth Bader Ginsburg, at the Court.

Its nomination charmed the most preserving fringe of the Republicans: “An excellent choice, which reflects its engagement to name judges in the style of Scalia and Thomas”, was pleased Kay Daly, president of preserving “the Coalition for an equitable legal system”. However, it is much more diplomat that Antonin Scalia and could thus avoid dividing its camp, while limiting the democratic attacks.

At the conclusion of its hearing, the commission of the legal affairs of the Senate approved its nomination, by 10 votes against 8, the whole of the republicans supporting Alito and the democrats voter in block against him.

It is confirmed by the Senate by 58 votes (54 republicans and 4 democrats) against 42 (of which a republican and independent).

The four Democratic senators who voted in his favor were Ben Nelson, Robert Byrd, Kent Conrad and Tim Johnson, all elected of preserving states.

The only republican to have voted against him was Lincoln Chafee, a liberal senator of Rhode Island.

Internal bonds

External bonds

  • a biography
  • Text of the conference of president Bush announcing the nomination of Alito

Simple: Samuel Alito

Random links:Siemomysł | Print Measurement Office | Nonstandard model | Nap Lajoie | Trade-union national block (Romania)

© 2007-2008 speedlook.com; article text available under the terms of GFDL, from fr.wikipedia.org