Samanides

The Samanides are an Iranian dynasty which take again the capacity after the Arab conquest.

In 819, the Caliph Al-Mamun (813 - 833) had rewarded the four grandsons for the Iranian Saman Khoda (Nuh, Ahmad, Yahya and Elyas) for their good and faithful services in their allotting to each one a province. Ismail Ier (892 - 907), the son of Ahmad, took quickly the control of the Transoxiane and of the Khorassan and settled there as independent governor, choosing Bukhara like capital.

In 900, in the name of the caliph, it overcame the Saffaride Amr ibn Layth (Amr ebn Leys) which wanted to invade its territories. Thereafter, until the year 1005, Samanides kept under control their empire.

Under the pressure of the Turkish tribes of Central Asia, Nuh II (976 - 997) had to name Sebuktigin at the post of governor of Ghazna, and its brother Mahmud as governor of the Khorassan. The Turks Qarakhanides were combined then with Mahmud. Ismail II, the Samanide last, fought five years lasting against these allies but it was made assassinate in 1005.

In 997, Nuh II was looked after by the young doctor Ali ibn Sina (Avicenne), then 17 years old.

List emirs

└─┬ Saman Khoda └─┬ Asad ibn Saman ├── Nuh atabeg of Samarkand (819 - 841/2) ├── Yahya atabeg of Shash (819 - 855) and of Samarkand (851/2-855) ├── Elyas atabeg of Hérat (819 - 856) └1┬ Ahmad ibn Asad (819 - 864) ├2─ Nasr I {{er}} (864 - 892) └3┬ Ismail I {{er}} (892 - 907) └4┬ Ahmad II (907 - 914) └5┬ Nasr II (914 - 943) └6┬ Hamid Nuh I {{er}} (943 - 954) ├7─ Abdul Malik I {{er}} (954 - 961) └8┬ Mansur I {{er}} (961 - 976) └9┬ Nuh II (976 - 997) ├10─ Mansur II (997 - 999) ├11─ Abdul Malik II (999) └12─ Ismail II Al-Muntasir (999 - 1005)

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