Salyut 7

Salyut 7 was launched the April 19th 1982, and was the last station program Salyut. It was a vessel of replacement for Salyut 6, similar out of equipment and functionalities. With the delay of the program Mir, it was decided to launch the vessel of reserve as a Salyut 7 . In orbit, the station underwent many engineering problems, although it profited from the transport capacity of the modules Soyuz and Progress as of the experiment of its crews which improvised several solutions. In September 1983, a conduit of fuel broke, requiring a extra-vehicular Sortie on behalf of Soyuz T-10 for repairs. It was in flight for four years and two months, and was visited by ten crews divided into six principal forwardings and four secondary flights (including/understanding Indian and French spationauts). She also saw two flights of Svetlana Savitskaya, making of her the second woman in space since 1963 and the first to carry out a extra-vehicular Sortie. Beside the many experiments and made observations, the station was also used to test the mooring and the use of large modules with an orbit station. The modules were called “heavy Cosmos modules”, although actually they were intended components at the military space station Almaz , then cancelled. They helped the engineers to develop necessary technology to build Mir . Salyut 7 was désorbitée the February 7th 1991.

It had two points of mooring, at each end of the station, to allow the stowing of the automatic vessels of supply Progress, and a point of larger stowing to allow a mooring made safe with heavy a Cosmos module. It had three solar panels, two with right angle and one in the prolongation of the station, but it was impossible to install secondary panels on those. Inside, Salyut 7 had stoves electric, a refrigerator, warm water and seats redrawn in front of the operator console (like a seat of bicycle). Two port-holes were used to make return of the Ultraviolet S, to sterilize the air. Later, of the medical sections, biological and of exercise were arranged to allow stays long life. Telescope BST-1M used in Salyut 6 was replaced by a system of detection of x-rays.

Crews and missions

Tie left the use of Cosmos 1267 out of Salyut 6, the Soviets launched Cosmos 1443 the March 2nd 1983 using a Fusée Proton SL-13. It was fastened at the station the March 10th, and was used by the crew of Soyuz T-9. This one released its module of return the August 23rd which penetrated in the atmosphere the September 19th. Cosmos 1686 was launched the September 27th 1985, mooring with the station the October 2nd. There did not carry a module of return, and remained connected to the station for the use of the crew of Soyuz T-14. Ten crews of Soyuz T operated in Salyut 7. Only two “invited cosmonauts” InterCosmos worked on board Salyut 7. Soyuz T-10 fell through on the launching pad when a fire was declared at the base of the vehicle. The capsule was ejected and the crew was recovered healthy and except.

Salyut 7 had six crews resident. The first crew, Anatoli Berezovoy and Valentine Lebedev, arrived the May 13rd 1982 on board Soyuz T-5 and remained 211 days until the December 10th 1982. The June 27th 1983, the crew of Vladimir Liakhov and Alexander Alexandrov arrived on board Soyuz T-9 and remained 150 days until the November 23rd 1983. The February 8th 1984 Leonid Kizim, Vladimir Solovyov and Oleg Atkov began a 237 days the stay, longest on Salyut 7, which was completed the October 2nd 1984. Vladimir Dzhanibekov and Viktor Savinykh (Soyuz T-13) arrived in the stations space the June 6th 1985. The September 17th 1985, Soyuz T-14 moored the station, taking along Vladimir Vasyutin, Alexander Volkov and Georgi Grechko. Eight days later, Dzhanibekov and Grechko left the station and are turned over on Earth after 103 days, while Savinyikh, Vasyutin, and Volkov remained on Salyut 7 and returned on Earth the November 21st 1985 after 65 days. The May 6th 1986, Soyuz T-15 taking along Leonid Kizim and Vladimir Solovyov moored at the space station. This Soyuz coming from the station Mir, and is gone back there after 50 days spent on Salyut. There were also four other missions visitors, of the crews come to bring provisions and to make visits of short duration to the crews resident.

Missions towards Salyut 7

extra-vehicular Exits since Salyut 7

Technical data

  • Length: approximately 16 m
  • maximum Diameter: 4,15 m
  • livable Volume: 90 m ³
  • Weight with launching: 19.824 kg
  • Launcher: Rocket Proton (three stages)
  • orbital Slope: 51,6°
  • Espace enters the solar panels: 17 m
  • Surface of solar panels: 51 m ²
  • Many solar panels: 3
  • Electric output: 4,5 kw
  • Vessels of supply: Soyuz-T, Progress, TKS
  • Many points of stowing: 2
  • Full number of live missions: 12
  • Full number of not-lived missions: 15
  • Full number of missions long life: 6
  • Number of principal words: 2
  • principal Output engine (each one): 2,9 kN

Vessels and crews

(Launched Crews and vessels, and listed dates of landing)

  • Soyuz T-10-1 - September 26th, 1983 - launching fallen through

    • Vladimir Titov
    • Gennady Strekalov

  • Soyuz T-11 - April 3rd - October 2nd, 1984 - Intercosmos Flight

  • Soyuz T-12 - 17 July 29th, 1984

    • Vladimir Dzhanibekov
    • Svetlana Savitskaya
    • Igor Volk

See too

Related articles

External bonds

  • the station Salyut 3 on the site of NASA
  • Report/ratio of NASA of 1987 on the Soviet space stations

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