Sallanches is a Commune Frenchwoman, located in the department of the Haute-Savoie and the area the Rhone-Alps. The Gentilé of Sallanches is Sallanchard .
Geography
The city occupies the northern part of the basin of Sallanches, broad glacial plain crossed by the Arve and bordered by the solid mass of the Aravis, the chain of the Mont Blanc and the Aiguilles of Warens. This vast basin with the not very stiff and sunny slopes contrasts curiously with the high summits which surround it. Dedicated mainly to agriculture and tourism (lakes and camp-sites), it shelters also the communes of Domancy, Passy and Saint-Gervais-the-Baths.
History
Origins and urban development
Sallanches is a hydronyme common to other alpine areas, it probably derives from the term preceltic “Salanca” and indicates a ravine where a brook runs. It in the same beginning as the word Creek, which refers to a rock split. In fact, it indicates at the same time the two torrents - Frasse and Sallanche (which takes its source to 2.000 m in the combe of the Furnaces) - and the city which was organized since its origin around their confluence.
Nothing makes it possible up to now to attest the reality of a Gallo-Roman site, and this in spite of the antiquity of its name. Recent excavations inform us about the probable existence of a Christian community as of 5th or 6th century. At the time of the recent excavations (1992), two tombs characteristic of the 5th-6th centuries were put at the day in the basement of the church. The presence of a Christian community thus goes back probably to this period. Until there fine of the 13th century, the small borough develops like religious and economic center of all the area. As of the 14th century its church, set up in Collegial, extends its jurisdictional territory on many parishes around and this until the Révolution. The ecclesiastical presence is reinforced in Sallanches by the foundation of two convents: the Capuchins in 1619 and the Ursulines in 1630; they will disappear in the storm from the Revolution.
A weekly significant market drains the agricultural produce of the rural communities of the surroundings and offers to them the manufactured goods by the craftsmen of the city. In 1310, their first Franchise S are granted to its inhabitants. This communal code is at the origin of the prosperity of the city and the installation of noble families which build castles and strong houses there. During all this period, the fate of Sallanches is related to that of the province of Faucigny, dependence since 1355 of the family of Savoy, counts then dukes, at the origin of the kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia (1718).
After the period of the French occupation during the Revolution and the First Empire, of 1792 to 1814, the Sardinian Monarchie is restored until the final fastening of the Savoy in France, in 1860.
The XIXe century, beginning of the economic advancement
At the beginning of the 19th century, the religious radiation of the city regresses. It continues its economic advancement with the fairs and markets, the varied trade and some factories (spinning mills, brewery, chocolate factory). The first tourists on the way towards the “refrigerators” of Chamonix, make halt in its inns.
During centuries, the city knows several tests devastators: torrential epidemics, risings and fires (1519, 1669,1840). 1840 are the most outstanding date of its history: a fire almost entirely destroys it. In this catastrophe, its architectural past is destroyed.
The traveller Francis Wey comments on this disaster in 1860 thus: “If Sallanches had been able to preserve its streets, its monuments and the aspect that so many centuries had printed to him, it would offer the double attraction of a Gothic city of Flandres, spread out in the middle of one of the most splendid sites which are in the world. ” Clear place is made and one builds a new city according to an orthogonal plan of engineer Justin on the model inhabitant of Turin, that which one discovers today in the historical heart.
The king Charles-Albert of Savoy-Carignan then devotes exceptional appropriations to the rebuilding. A new city is built, whose Sardinian checkerboard plan is drawn by the engineer François Justin. The impulse is given, and, the end of the XIXe century is the witness great work: construction of the quays (1863), Holy installation of the place Jacques (1886), opening of the Trunk road 202 Cluses - Saint-Gervais (1886), realization of a drinking water network (1889), arrived of the train (1889). The city enters the modern era in 1901, with the first electric bulb. With the economic plan, so certain traditional activities stagnate or disappear, the clock industry made its appearance about 1880, heralding the future rise of the Décolletage. In 1921, Sallanches is issued “station of tourism”.
Parallel to the development of the processing industries, its commercial function (banks, insurances, food distribution) with the service of the close stations is confirmed and developed. The constant economic activity which reigns in the city after the Second world war generates a call of population and the expansion of the field built out of the plan with checkerwork of 1840. During years 1970, the commune amalgamates with that of Saint-Roch (1972) and that of Saint Martin's day (1977).
After more than fifteen years of intensive industrial development (industry of the Undercutting and the skis Dynastar) and the tourist and commercial renewal of activity, supported by the opening of the tunnel of Mont Blanc (1965), the role of Sallanches as capital of the area of Mont Blanc is affirmed and perdure, and its sumptuous framework, opened on the chain of the Mont Blanc, a preserved environment, are the assets “nature” of Sallanches, the City with the Country of Mont Blanc.
XXIe century
- 2003, departure of a stage of the Tour de France cyclist until Alpe d' Huez.
Administration
The commune is a chief town of canton (Canton of Sallanches).List mayors
Twinning
Demography
Places and monuments
Among the remarkable monuments of Sallanches, the old man Bridge of Saint Martin's day and the Collégiale Saint-Jacob are classified Historic buildings. The original church, very old was set up into collegial in 1389. The current church was rebuilt under its current form between 1680 and 1688. The gate vault is medieval. It is with framework and frontage baroques with a Sundial of 1848 in the south. It has a furniture and a decoration interiors carried out by painters and Piémontais sculptors of the 19th century as well as a treasure of sacred art. The Orgue of Callinet goes back to 1850.
The Center of mountain nature, on 600 m ² of exposure and 5 levels, is sheltered in an old residence seigneuriale 14th century, called the Château of Rubins. He proposes a didactic course allowing the discovery of the mountain natural heritage of Haute-Savoie. Starting from an comprehensive approach of several natural environments, one discovers the landscapes and the Géologie which constitute them as well as the animals and plants which live there.
Several vaults of hamlets are broods on the slopes.
Economy
Recent events
- July 2003: Sallanches accommodates the Tour de France. It is indeed town of departure of the most followed stage sporting maifestation, that of Sallanches-L' Alpe-with Huez.
- Be 2006: Sallanches accommodates the National council of the mountain, in which some members of government (D. De Villepin, C. Estrosi take part,…)
Personalities related to the commune
See too
Articles of Wikipédia
- Common of Haute-Savoie
External bonds
-
Sallanches on the site of the national geographical Institute
- Sallanches on the site of INSEE
- Sallanches on the site of Quid
- Localization of Sallanches on a chart of France and communes bordering
- Plane on Sallanches on Mapquest
- Tourist office of Sallanches
Sources
| Random links: | The Gendarme and the extraterrestrial ones | Prehistoric art | Kuot | The Community of Dordogne-Eyraud-Lidoire communes | District of Wuqing |