Salamine (in Greek old Σαλαμίς / Salamís , currently Η Σαλαμίνα - I Salamína) is a Greek island of the Attique, closing bay of Éleusis in the Golfe Saronique. It counts 19  000 inhabitants for 95  km ². The chief town of the names is the éponyme city.

Salamine is known to be the fatherland of the Greek heroes of the Trojan War, Ajax and Teucros, the wire of Télamon. In 480 av. J. - C., the island was also the theater of the Bataille of Salamine opposing the Greek fleet carried out by Eurybiade and Thémistocle to the fleet Perse of Xerxès.

In 1823, the Greek provisional government, at the time of the Guerre of Greek independence was installed on the island.