Saint-Chamond

Saint-Chamond is a common French, located in the department of the the Loire and the area the Rhone-Alps.

Various geography and data

Saint-Chamond is located in the valley of the Gier between the Monts of the Lyonese (at north) and the Massif of Pilat (in the south), between Saint-Etienne (12 km) and Lyon (45 km).
  • the city is crossed by the Gier (covered today) which takes its source in the Solid mass of the Pilat then descends the valley from Gier before being thrown in the Rhone with Givors over an overall length of 44 km.

  • In the area, several geographical sites are remarkable, of which the crêt of the Partridge (1 434 m) which is the culminating point of the solid mass of the Pilat; the crêt of Œillon with splendid sight on the valley of the Rhone and sometimes on the solid mass of the Mount Blanc; the cascade of the “Jump of Gier” in the Regional natural park of Pilat.

Transport and infrastructures

Highways and trunk roads

  • has 47: towards Lyon and Saint-Etienne
  • Project of one 2nd highway, the has 45 passing by the hamlet of Chavanne.

Airport/Aerodrome

Railway station

  • Station of Saint-Chamond

Urban transport

See also: Shipping company of the Agglomeration Inhabitant of Saint-Etienne, Line of bus STAS

Saint-Chamond is served by the STAS (Company of public transport of the agglomeration inhabitant of Saint-Etienne) in the zone large Gier.
7 regular lines (2,3,4,5,8,108,109) as 4 school lines (12,13,15,16) traverse the commune.

Saint-Chamond is connected to the valley of Gier by line 108 and in Saint-Etienne (with a step all zones) by line 108 and 109, like by the FOR THE THIRD TIME (for Rive of Gier with a step OURA Grand Gier and Saint-Etienne with a step OURA all zones )

Administration

Demography

At ends of statistics, INSEE considered Saint-Chamond, in 1999, as the center of the urban Unité of Saint-Chamond (84 925 hab.) and of an urban surface of Saint-Chamond attached to the zone of use of Saint-Etienne. Now following the closing-down of many factories, it was displaced.

Districts

Saint-Chamond is divided into several districts:

Heraldic

Party, the 1er of money to the fasce of mouths; the 2e of full azure| Malta-Brown |illustrated France (1882)

History

See also: Couramiaud

The origin of Saint-Chamond is a guardroom of the one of the five aqueducts which fed the Roman city of Lugdunum (Lyon). The Aqueduc of Gier conveyed water of the Gier collected upstream of Saint-Chamond. Air parts of this aqueduct are still visible in the area of Mornant (69). Underground parts were discovered in the Années 1980 in Saint-Chamond at the time of the realization of houses.

Capital of the Jarez, Saint-Chamond was a very important seigniory in the area. Nickel silver Mitte de Chevrière, lord of Saint-Chamond, marked the town of its print. One can see besides many buildings of this time such as the House of the Canons of the 15th century and the 16th century (classified historic building), the Hospital (classified historic building), the Saint-Pierre church and his organ of the 17th century (classified historic building), and brood it Tiny 17th century which is the Town hall of Saint-Chamond today.

The castle of Saint-Chamond was destroyed at the time of the French revolution. Only the stables are still visible today on the hill of Saint-Ennemond.

The town of Saint-Chamond owes his name with a bishop of Lyon (holy Ennemond), and with a very phonetic evolution of its name (Saint-Annemond → San-Annemond → Sanchamond → Saint-Chamond). This name made a short passage to the oubliettes during the French revolution, like the majority of the names of city referring to the Church (Saint-Etienne → Arm-City), and became Valley-Rousseau of the name of the famous botaniste.

In 1628 it was one year black with a large plague: the plague. The patients were transported in huts in Fay, half of the population succumbed.

In March 1789, with the drafting of the registers of grievances of the Third-State, Saint-Chamond plunges in the Revolution. Called " Rousseau" valley;, it is included in the department of the Rhone and the Loire.

In 1792, the castle is plundered and demolished by the inhabitants. Only the stables are still visible today on the hill of Saint-Ennemond.

In 1793, Lyon revolts against Convention and involves Saint-Chamond in the insurrection. The defeat of the Lyons army leads to the evacuation of Saint-Chamond. Convention then sends Javogues which multiplies the decrees épuratoires and holds to ransom the inhabitants. In 1796, Saint-Chamonais dispatch a mobile column against the refractory priests and deserters.

In 1880, Saint-Chamond becomes the world capital of the industry of the lace. Eighteen years later, is born the company from Joined together Manufactures which gathers ten of the largest manufacturers of laces.

In 1848, German Morel, wire of the ironmaster Antoine Morel with Saint-Chamond, joins MISTERS Pétin and Gaudet, ironmasters to Bank-with-Gier, to create with Saint-Chamond “Morel and Co”. In 1854, the company becomes “Company of the Blast furnaces, Forges and Steel-works of the Navy and the Railroads”, with a new associate, English Jackson.

In 1931: Electric closing Tram of St Chamond.

In 1950: The years 1950, while the city see the closing of its last mine in Closed Marquet, the Forging mills and Steel-works enter the Creusot-Loire group, which counts 28 factories and 39.000 employees including 3.100 in Saint-Chamond. The " taille" years 1950. Demolition was done with the power pick and coal was evacuated by small conveyers. The minors worked in 3 X 8, in a dusty environment with 30°C. Years 1950 see the appearance of supportings métalliques.

The current town of Saint-Chamond is the result of fusion in 1964 of the communes of Saint-Martin-in-Coailleux, of Saint-Julien-in-Jarez, Izieux and Saint-Chamond. The city then becomes the third commune of the Loire, with nearly 40.000 inhabitants

The name of Couramiauds comes owing to the fact that during the festival of the fire of Midsummer's Day, the inhabitants of Saint-Chamond hung a string with the tail of a cat and the children ran after this one, from where the name of " course-with miaou" that is to say Couramiauds. It is for tradition to burn a cat at the time of the carnival on a place, this cat is from now on out of paperboard.

Places and monuments

  • Hill of St Ennemond of the 15th century
  • House of the Canons of the 15th century and the 16th century
  • the Saint-Pierre church of the 17th century
  • the old Hotel God of the 17th century
  • the convent of Tiny of the 17th century which is today the Town hall of Saint-Chamond
  • the Notre-Dame church of the 19th century
  • Château of Jarez of the 20th century
  • Décombres of the stables of the castle destroyed of Saint-Chamond 15th century
  • Botanical garden
  • Notre-Dame of the Hermitage
  • Monument Sadi Carnot in the Botanical garden 20th century
  • Salle of the congresses
  • Ancienne middle-class houses street Victor Hugo 18th century
  • War memorial for France, in front of the school Lamartine
  • the house of the artists 20th century
  • Regional natural park of Pilat
  • Stopping of the Bank
  • the factory Waistcoat-Thaon (old dyeing) of the 19th century: classified remarkable industrial architecture historic building
  • the chimney of Giat Industry of the 19th century: high 103 meters

Economy

See also: Carboniferous of the Loire

At the beginning of the century, and much from cities of the area, the economy of the city was turned towards the extraction of the coal, the metallurgy, the textile and leather (dyeing, weaving, laces,…)

The history of Saint-Chamond is very strongly related to water (Romain aqueduct, metallurgy, textile, dyeing…). Jules Duclos, mayor of Saint-Chamond under Napoleon III, made build the 1st dam Saint-Chamond, called stopping of Bank. Two other stoppings were then carried out, that of Pinay, and that of Relieves. Today, only those of Bank and of Relieves are still out of water.

While crossing Saint-Chamond, one will be able to notice only two preserved chimneys of the time of the blast furnaces. Including one with its 103 m in height which is used as geodetic reference mark.

Until the years 1970-80, the economy of the city was mainly founded on the metallurgy and in particular of only one company. The name of this company changed regularly, it was the Compagnie of the Forging mills and Aciéries of the Navy and Homécourt, the Company of the Steel-works of the Navy, the Company of the Steel-works and Forges of the Loire, Creusot-Loire, etc This industry generated certain extremely famous specimens, of which the tank of rupture “Saint Chamond”. (manufactured by the Company of the Forging mills and Steel-works of the Navy and Homécourt - F.A.M.H.) one of the first French armor-plated tanks, the VAB (Vehicle of before armoured tank equipping the Army and the Gendarmerie), NAUTILE (underwater civilian of IFREMER allowing to visit 97% of the sea-bed), etc

Today, and following the crisis, the economy of Saint-Chamond developed around very varied poles of activities (textile, metallurgy, engineering, plasturgie, cable-making, electrochemistry, agroalimentary).

The Group Zannier which is one of the leaders, on a world level, of the childish mode, with 20 marks developed into clean or for some under license like the marks 3 Apples or Beckaro.

Sport

  • the town of Saint-Chamond is especially known, at the sporting level, thanks to the presence of the Saint-Chamond Tennis shoe (SCB) in the French championship of male main road 1.
  • the Agreement Saint-Chamond Volleyball, fruit of fusion, in 1986, of two entities which represented this sport, has evolved/moved for 15 years, in the championship of France of the 1st female division; directed towards the competition, the formation of young people made it possible the club to take down in 1994, a championship of France, in the " category; Cadettes".
  • In Saint-Chamond gymnastics is as well classified at the regional level, in particular with the stars of Valette.
  • the swimming pool Roger Couderc, one of the rare swimming pools with waves of the area, trains many swimmers, as well as a team in synchronized swimming.

Twinning

, to see,

People born in Saint-Chamond

  • Antoine Pinay, (1891-1994) politician, born on December 30th, 1891 with Saint-Symphorien-on-Coise (the Rhone), he was mayor of Saint-Chamond of 1929 to 1977.
  • Ravachol, (1859-1892) anarchistic militant.
  • Roger Zannier, born in 1946, owner of the Group Zannier (marks of children's wears Z, Absorbed, Floriane, Confetti…)
  • Roger Planchon, born in 1931, playwright, director and scenario writer.
  • Alain Prost, born in 1955, four times world champion of formula 1, born with Lorette (city located at about fifteen kilometers of Saint-Chamond), but which lived all its childhood and adolescence with Saint-Chamond.
  • Lionel Borough, born in 1949, writer.
  • Youcef Zenaf, sportsman, world champion of full-contact of 1984 to 1986.
  • Yves Bubble, artist-painter.
  • Marcellin Champagnat, born on May 20th, 1789 in Marlhes (the Loire), dead on June 6th, 1840 with Saint-Chamond, was a man of the church and pedagog French.

External bonds

  • Official site of the town of Saint-Chamond

Simple: Saint-Chamond

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