Saint-Blaise (Neuchâtel)
Saint-Blaise is a common Suisse of the Canton of Neuchâtel. It is located between the foot of the Jura and the Neuchâtel Lake, at its end is.
Today primarily residential, common guard however a Viticultural vocation viti- , largely recognized, and even agricultural since fusion with the hamlets of Voëns and Maley in 1888. The old village is of obvious historical interest. As a pedestrian good part, the heart of Saint-Blaise shelters houses of the XVIe and XVIIe century with the doors and windows carved as well as a Moulin given in operating condition in 1974 and entirely renovated in 2003. The mills form integral part of the history of the place, the development of constructions being made to the wire of the centuries on the edges of Ruau, a ruissau being located entirely on the communal territory, of its source to its discharge system in the lake.
The name of the inhabitants of St-Blaise, Loqueux, comes from Loclat, small lake appreciated of the fishermen and the walkers and whose legend wants that it does not have basic.
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History
The territory of Saint-Blaise has been inhabited for more than 5000 years. Lake sites discovered on the commune showed that between the Stone Age and the Bronze Age, that is to say several millenia, a sedentary population lived there. The Romans, by building transportation a route in the north of the lake, Vy d' Etra, left a still visible trace of their passage. Until the XIIIe century, Saint-Blaise bore the name of Arens or Arinis which would mean " sablonneux". The low part of the village then took the name of patron saint of the local church and became Saint-Blaise, whereas the top continued to be called Arens. One finds the first mention of a mill with Arens in 1192. The locality, separate in two districts, the top and bottom had like hyphen its brook, supplying the mills, crowd, beaters and Scierie S built on its course. These artisanal activities persisted at least until the XIXe century since one then counted still four mills in activity. A spinning mill was replaced by a marble sawmill at the end of the century. At the XVIIIe century the production of Indians, under development full in all the canton, developed with Saint-Blaise like elsewhere, at the same time as of the lace workshops. The production lasted a few tens of years before the inhabitants do not turn over to their vines and their gardens.Like the majority of the communes, Saint-Blaise did not profit from a payment regulating the expenditure and the incomes of the community. In the middle of the 16th century, the commune known of the difficulties of management. Hugo Virechaulx, notary and citizen of Saint-Blaise established on March 6th, 1552 of the communal registers in order to index and regulate finances. In 1615, Jean Rope-maker, according to the example of Mr. Virechaulx, wrote the first payment of the community.
Saint-Blaise belonged to the jurisdiction of Châtelennie de Thielle until his suppression in 1848. The village was the place of oath-taking between the reigning prince and his people. The French revolution having shaken the spirits, one finds trace into 1793 of a prohibition to wear the red bonnet (symbol of the revolutionists) and to plant trees of freedom. The citizen who would make himself guilty of these facts private of its advantages and would be striped lists of citizens.
The education of the children of Saint-Blaise underwent many modifications during time. The religion holds a great place to with it since the first school, of 1548 to 1660, is a school of parish, bringing together the children of Saint-Blaise, Marin, Hauterive and To sew It. The scission of the parish of the four communes saw the creation of the school reserved to the children of Saint-Blaise and Marin who lasted only 19 years, juqu' with the withdrawal of Sailor in 1679. The school then occupied various buildings, of which the old inn called the communal hotel, until the inauguration in 1896 of the current establishment.
During XIXe and XXe century, the aspect of the commune deeply will change. The first Correction of water of the Jura and the construction of the Neuchâtel-Bienne railway line will contribute to the development of the low part of the commune. Then the second correction of the level of the lake will bring to the village of new grounds gained on the lake. On these grounds will take place the construction of the highway A5 which will allow a complete refitting of banks as well as the passage of the Neuchâtel-Bern line, thus equipping the village with two stations. With the refitting of the banks east come creation from a marina and the spaces of relaxation today very snuffed by the population and people from passage in the area. Lastly, the development of Neuchâtel and Sailor, located at the west and the east of Saint-Blaise, brought the thickening of the habitat of the bordering communes and the vineyards in the north of the commune were replaced little by little by new residential districts.
Monuments
History of water and stones In the middle of the village, blotties around the Temple, the houses adorned their yellow dress. It is by taking a picturesque way from the noise of Ruau and its wheel that you will discover this beautiful village! the Temple It is built on an old vault of the Carolingian time. It was rebuilt at the 15th century. Of Gothic style, with its pure lines and its stained glasses of Edmond Ball, it is one of the most beautiful sanctuaries of the Country of Neuchâtel. In the middle of the locality, the church has a bell-tower-porch accessible by a gate decorated with thorny sheets carved in the stone (1516). the Wheel of the Mill So during several centuries, one could find several mills along the river crossing the village of Saint-Blaise, none of them is not yet in activity today. However, in remembering this time, a new wheel was reinstalled in 1979 in the middle of the village, waking up curiosity. This building was the subject of a restoration supplements in 2003.the communal Hotel This house was, at the origin, a private property. Built in 1694 by Happy Fischer of Bern, founder of the Bernese post offices, it is a counterpart, in smaller, castle of Reichenbach located close to Bern. It was, before belonging to the commune, a beautiful country house, as well as a boarding school of young people. This building was the subject of a restoration supplements in 1998.
House of Dîme The latter was built in 1581. It is about a remarkable house of the Rebirth with good cellars, it knew an important restoration in 1988-1989.
the New House This remarkable building built in 1660 is flanked of a square tower staircase and a picturesque covered gallery. Inside, a splendid room timbered with a carved coffered ceiling and a dresser-credence. The kitchen contains a large circular baker's oven and a beautiful ewer. the Way of the Devil This way is in fact an old empierrée Roman way where the wheels of the tanks traced deep still visible ruts today. This way was a junction of Vy d' Etra to join Aventicum.
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