See also: Sailing (homonymy)
A sailing (or sailing boat , sailing ship ) is a Bateau or Navire propelled by the force of the Vent. Historically, the sailing ships were the first means of transport with average and long distance before the invention of the steam engines. They transported the goods, the passengers, the mail…
Today, this type of use tends to disappear and seems held with the industrially the least developed countries.
The sailing ships, of course, were used in the history with fine soldiers. The Spanish convoys bringing back the gold of the Nouveau World were to protect from the attacks of the Pirate S. the many ones and important naval battles took place between the England, the Spain, the France and the Netherlands.
They have all certain common characteristics: one or more hulls, a Gréement made up of at least a Mast which carries the veil S being used for the propulsion.
The sailing ships are carried out by a crew ordered by a Capitaine. They were gradually replaced during XIXe and XXe centuries for the navigation of trade by the steamers, then by the Navire S with diesel propulsion .
They remain used in sporting events and for navigation of plaisance ; and even for transport and fishing in many countries in the process of development (Madagascar, Tanzania, Archipelago of Louisiade….)
Many types of sailing ships were used, according to the times and the places.
Historical classification
Antiquity
- solar Boat of the Pharaon Khéops
- Galère (ship)
The Middle Ages
Rebirth
XVIIe at the XXe century
- Brig
- Brigantine
- Clipper
- Corvette
- Frigate
- Goélette
- Schooner
- Senau
- Tartane
- Linership or Ship of the line
Nowadays
- Transport and fishing
- Pleasure
Geographical classification
The East
- Corocore : Malaysia
- Dinga or Dinghy or Dinguy: Hefty fellow, boat with a mast and skittle
- Doni: Ceylon
- Dungiryah: Bombay
- Jonque
Middle-East
- Djeme of Alexandria
- Felouque
Occident
- Clipper
- Corallière: Italy
- Crayer or Craïer: The Baltic, 3 chechmates from 50 to 60 meters
- Dory: flat-bottomed boat for fishing with the cod
- Boat Viking
- Dromon: Greece
Classification according to the type of gréement
A mast
Two masts
Three masts and more
French traditional ships
Coasts North and West
The Mediterranean
Famous sailing ships
- Santa Maria , Caraque flagship of Christophe Colomb at the time of its first voyage, and Niña and Pinta , caravels accompanying it, (1492)
- Mayflower , ship which transported the first colonists in North America (1620)
- the Hermione , frigate which brought back the Marquis of Fayette towards the the United States of America in 1780
- the Astrolabe and the Compass , ships of Jean-François of Perugia 1785
- HMS Victory , flagship of the fleet of Nelson (1805, Bataille of Trafalgar)
- the Fox , last boat armed with the race by Robert Surcouf (1813)
- the Astrolabe , ship of Jules Dumont d' Urville (Années 1820)
- America , first winner of the cut which bears its name (1851)
- Cutty Sark , celebrates Clipper of the race to the The (1869)
- Belem , the last 3 masts French boat (1896)
- PEN Duick , series of sailing ships of pleasure or race created or asset by Eric Tabarly
- Pamir , famous German four-masted barque (1905)
See too
Internal bonds
External bonds
- See a detailed diagram of a sailing ship square-rigged four master
Zh-min-nan: Phâng-chûn
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