Oranienburg-Sachsenhausen known as " Sachso" concentration camp Nazi of a surface of 600 hectares established in 1935 with 30km was a in the north of Berlin.

Of 1936 with 1945, one estimates that 200.000 people were interned there and that 100.000 died there.

• Among the personalities interned in the camp, one will quote:
• Fritz Thyssen, German baron of steel
• Kurt von Schuschnigg, former chancellor of Austria
• Herschel Grynszpan, assassin of Ernst vom Rath, adviser of the embassy from Germany to Paris in 1938
• Francisco Largo Caballero, chief of the government of the Spanish Republic at the beginning of the War of Spain, stopped in France.

It is in this camp that Himmler installed its staff and that the central inspection of the S made try out its methods of extermination before making them apply in the other camps.

With the difference of much of other Nazi camps, Sachsenhausen was a camp where few Jews were sent. Indeed, one interned there primarily prisoners known as political.

The prisoners were used for the effort of war of the Nazis. In addition to work of manufacture (joinery), certain prisoners were to repair the German weaponry. A workshop of counterfeit money was also installed. It produced approximately 15 million pounds sterling used to circumvent the blockade anti-nazi.

At the end of the Second world war, the camp of Sachsenhausen was occupied by the Soviets, who interned there small civils servant of the Nazi regime and opponents with the Communist regime of 1945 to 1950. One estimates at 12000 the number of died during this period, had primarily with the epidemics and the bad detention conditions.

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