The Sabah is the second State of Malaysia by its surface. It is located at the north of Borneo. The Malaysian part of the island includes also the State of the Sarawak. South of the island, or Kalimantan, belonged to the territory Indonesia N.

Capital

The principal and capital city is Kota Kinabalu.

Nickname

It is known under the name of the Ground under the wind .

Population

In addition to the Malais which populate the littoral of the island of Borneo, the population of Sabah includes/understands many ethnicities Indigène S, which like the Malayan ones, are thus categorized will bumiputera (" wire of the sol" , it St-with-to say " indigènes"), in opposition to the Chinese and with the Indians of Malaysia. Most important numerically of these groups are Kadazan-Dusun.

The language kadazan belongs to the family Malayo-polynésienne but is distinct from the Malayan. It is related with the languages of Borneo grouped under the name of Dayak.

History

In 1703, as a sign of recognition for the assistance which had brought to him the sultan of Sulu (an archipelago in the south of the Filipino current) to fight a rebellion, the sultan of Brunei gives him a territory in the north of Borneo.

In the years 1840, the interest of the colonial powers for Sulu increases. In 1865, the American consul with Brunei, Claude Lee Moses, obtains from the sultan a 10 years lease for the territory of Borneo of North. But after the Civil war, the United States does not want any more to deal with Asian colonies. Moses sells its rights American Trading Company based to HongKong. This one establishes a station there. Financial problems and escapes of immigrant workers bring to the abandonment of the station in 1866.

The lease expiring in 1875, American Trading Company sells its rights to the consul of Austria-Hungary to HongKong, the baron von Overbeck. Overbeck obtains from Brunei a 10 years renewal of the lease. It signs an similar agreement with the sultan of Sulu in 1878. But its government is not interested by the territory. In 1881, the ex-associates of Overbeck, the brothers Tooth, create the British North Borneo Provisional Association Ltd and obtain an official charter to create British North Borneo Chartered Company which replaces Association.

Borneo of North becomes protectorate British 1888, and colony of the Crown in 1946, the shortly after the Second world war. The colony obtains independence in 1963 and joined the Federation of Malaysia under the name of Sabah. It is the time when the president Indonésien Soekarno launches out in a Confrontation Indonesia-Malaysia. Calling upon the historical episode of the gift of Sabah by the sultan of Brunei to that of Sulu, Philippines will assert the territory.

See also: History of Brunei

See too

• Kinabalu

States of Malaysia

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