São Jose C Cerrito

São Jose C Cerrito is a city Brésil ienne interior of the State of Santa Catarina. It is located by a Latitude of 27° 39 ' 46" south and by a Longitude of 50° 34 ' 48" west, with a Altitude of 910 meters. Its population was estimated at: 9505 inhabitants in 2006. The municipality extends on 946 km ².

History

The colonization of the area starts at the 19th century, with the exploration of the neighborhoods of Lages by the Bandeirante S of the State de São Paulo. The foundation of the city took place to the site of the first vault, not far from the Rio Caveiras. During many years, the city named Caru , indigenous meaning “extremely and courageous” name. In 1953, the municipality takes the name of São Jose C Cerrito, in homage to the owner of the first vault, São Jose (“Jean Saint” in French).

Infrastructures

The municipality suffered from an obvious lack of infrastructures, the main issue being the state of the roads and especially of the BR-282, which is a federal road and which crosses all the municipe. In rainy weather, some are very dangerous even impracticable.

In 2006, the section of the BR-282 connecting Cerrito to Lages was tarred. Previously it was necessary nearly two hours to connect the two cities. In 2007, work continued and the BR-282 is already practically asphalted to the bridge of the Canoas river. In the short run construction will make it possible to facilitate the internal relations with the municipe before connecting Cerrito with the others once municipes the passage of effective the Canoas river.

Agriculture

Traditionally, the dominant culture in the municipality is the biculture of the Maïs and the Haricot. These cultures représentainet, there are little time, 97% of the surface cultivated and 91% more of the total of the agricultural production of the municipality. The Tobacco and the Oignon are also cultures spread in the area, but one primarily meets them in farmers having a standard of living more raised.

Currently, the agriculture of São Jose C Cerrito undergoes a crisis because of the dryness which has prevailed in the area for more than three years. Whereas that had never arrived in the municipality, water have suddenly missed and the sources and brooks are drained. The corn and the bean being cultures very sensitive to the dryness, an important lack of water can cause a total loss of the production. Last year, much of farmers entirely lost their production of corn, the feet having died for lack of water. To cure it, an insurance of the federal government was resolved, Proagro, but she addresses only to the farmers having already taken a PRONAF and pertaining to the groups C, D and E.

These difficulties cumulated with a significant decrease of the price of the corn bags and especially of bean. The prices dropped by 25% between 2005 and 2006 and the tendency is confirmed in 2007. As for the prices of corn they remain relatively low, in the neighborhoods of 20 R $.

Vis-a-vis the fall of the courses of the productions of corn and feijão and with the successive drynesses and on the councils of the local EPAGRI the tendency is with the development of the bovine breeding at the same time for the production of milk and the meat.

Also, according to last survey IBGE (Brazilian Institute of geography and statistics), there is: 2042 agricultural establishments in the municipality of which 82,5% have a surface lower than 50 ha, 10,5% have a surface between 50 ha and 100 ha and hardly 7% have a surface of more than 100 ha.

The conjunction of the whole of these elements explains why the municipality of Saõ Jose de Cerrito is characterized by a great agricultural precariousness. The gross amount of production (VBP) is of 905 R $ per month, that is to say three times lower than the national average. The farmers have recourse to mechanization very little, only for certain particular work like the ploughing. The animal haulage and manual work are thus prevalent. However, there is a great use of plant health products without technical supports. The farmers thus tend to use more products than than it would not be necessary. That causes important pollution of the grounds which lose their fertility, involving a fall of the productivity. The use of the agro poisons being done without any precaution, much of farmers are found with troubles of health.

This total report explains why the model of the family property whose activity is based on an agriculture of subsistence is still very present

Forestry development

Apart from the trade and agriculture, the local economic activity is based on the exploitation and the transformation of wood.

The direct consequence of the development of this activity is that of the reafforestation of pine S American: pinus americanus whose environmental impact and landscape is negative.

This tree which is not native area at these last decades largely taken the step on the Araucaria ( araucaria angustifolia ), that it competes with by a growth three times faster (20 years against 80 years), failing to provide a wood of an equivalent quality.

The forests of American pine planted on hundreds of hectares have in the field of the biodiversity a richness largely lower than the native forests of araucaria. Moreover this development an significant impact has on the water resources since the American pine, because of its rapid growth enormously draws water in the ground, nearly 20 L per day. This reafforestation takes part moreover in the phenomenon of dryness in the area and in the destruction of the native forest of araucaria.

Demography

São Jose C Cerrito belongs to the 75% of municipalities which count less: 15000 inhabitants. Its current population is of: 9505 inhabitants including 3/4 in rural area. It also counts: 2800 reprocessed is 28% of its population. According to the current mayor, the retirements would ensure the economy of the municipality. The principal activity of Cerrito is family agriculture.

Vis-a-vis the economic difficulties encountered on the level locals and stated previously, in thirty years, the population decreased of more than one third. When the inhabitants of the interior of Cerrito do not leave for the center the municipality, whose size doubled in 30 years, the majority of them leave for the big cities the State: Lages, Florianópolis, Fraiburgo, Blumenau and Joinville. Today still, many are the young people who leave for the city where in other rural regions to work.

Fight against poverty

The IDH-M (Index of Municipal human development) of the municipality is of 0,731 (source UNDP 2002). It is about the one of weakest of the State. Only three other municipalities have a weaker IDH-M (Cerro Negro, Capão Alto and Brunópolis).

The “multiannual plan (2000-2001)” of the municipal secretariat of the assistance social indicates that a third of the Cerritenses families integrates the group “families vulnerabilized”. In all, are 824 families which are registered with the program “community interdependent” of the federal government. It is about a help in the form of monthly distributed basic baskets. According to the secretariat municipal of social assistance, 913 families of the municipality are recorded for the “family purses” of the federal government, among them, 630 receive them, the value is between 15 R $ and 90 R $ per month. On the whole, the municipality receives 40000 R$ coming from these purses.

Tourism

The city is the seat various festivals:

Festa C Feijão (“Festival of the Bean”), every two years (even years), in April, with tastings, presentation of agricultural produce and animations
Feira C Terneiro E Gado Geral , every year, in April, exposure and trade of animals
Festa de São Pedro (“Festival of Saint Pierre”), every year, on June 29th celebrates patron saint of the city

Close cities

São Jose C Cerrito is close to the municipalities ( municípios ) following:

External bonds

Official site of the municipality

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