Ruy López
Ruy López de Segura (1530 with Zafra close to Badajoz, Spain - 1580, Spain) was one of the first large players of failures and a Spanish priest of the 16th century, confessor of the king Philippe II of Spain.
Biography
He wrote the Libro of Invencion del Arte Liberal del Axedrez ( Livre of the invention of the liberal art of the failures ) which counts among the first handbooks having founded the theory of the failures in Europe, and he created the opening which bears its name, or Spanish opening.The idea to write this work came to him at the time of a visit to Rome where it disputed in 1560 against the Italian Master Leonardo da Cutri a tournament which it gained clearly. It fell then on a book of failures going back to 1512 due to the Portuguese Damiano; as it did not like the work at all, it decided to write one of them itself, and the book appeared in 1561 in Alcalá de Henares. López told origin of failures, indicated rules of play which corresponded already to those that we know, and gave for the first time an exact analysis of the openings that one knew then. For this reason one calls also López “the father of the theory of the failures”.
Above all, it examined the opening which one named because him “Spanish” or Ruy López. He also studied in a very detailed way the Gambit of the king.
But López did not have only one excellent theoretical knowledge, in practice its force of play was enormous. Gaining first chess tournament to Madrid, he is to some extent the first world champion of this play. That did not prevent it, in 1575, to lose in Madrid, the court of the king Philippe II, the match of revenge against Leonardo da Cutri by 2: 3 after having gained the first two parts. López also lost against the other Italian Master Paolo Boi, so that the Italian triumph was complete in this first international tournament of the history of the failures. As from this moment, the prevalence with the failures passed from Spain to Italy.
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