Rue officinal
The officinal street ( Ruta graveolens L.) is a shrub of the family of the Rutacées, cultivated for its Feuille S used for their aromatic and medicinal qualities
Common noun: stinking street, grass of the street, street of the gardens, bleach on grass grace.
Other languages: of: Weinraute, in: common street, be: ruda, it: ruta .
Description
It is a suffrutescent Arbrisseau, of one ligneous family and height meter approximately, very ramified at the base. The sheets of a glaucous green, semi-persistent, are alternate, Pennatiséqué be (often trefoil) and of a little fleshy consistency. Small flowers, of greenish yellow color, gathered in Corymbe.
The plant releases a strong and penetrating, unpleasant and stinking odor, and has a bitter taste.
Its sap has properties Photosensitizing are and can cause Dermatite S of contact at the people with the sensitive skin, and even of true burns per time chaud.
Characteristics
- reproductive Bodies:
- Standard of inflorescence: racème of racèmes
- Distribution of the sexes: Standard hermaphrodite
- of pollination: entomogame
- Period of flowering: May at August
- Seed:
- Standard of fruit: capsule
- Mode of dissemination: barochore
- Habitat and distribution:
- standard Habitat: garrigues Mediterranean Western
- Surface of distribution: southernmost European
Distribution
Plant originating in the South-east of Europe (Ukraine, Albania, Bulgaria, ex- Yugoslavia). It is largely naturalized in all Europe and in North Africa.
Culture
Ask a light and dry, calcareous ground and exposed well to the sun. Multiplication by sowing or cuttings. Harvest intervenes as from the following year. One takes the end of the stems before flowering.A size of folding back in spring supports the appearance of new growths.
The plant is resown easily.
Use
It was used as of the Antiquité, in particular among Romans, and appeared in the Liste of the vegetables recommended in capitulary De Villis (list of the crop plants in the gardens of monastery under Charlemagne). It entered to the Moyen-âge the composition of the supposed Vinaigre of the four robbers to protect from the Peste.The fresh sheets can be used to season the Sauce S and the dishes of Viande. To use moderately because of the bitter taste and the risks of toxicity. In Italy of North, it is used to scent the Brandy (Grappa went ruta). In Ethiopia, one puts of it a brushwood in the cups of Café.
One extracts from the officinal street a essential Huile used in Parfumerie.
With small amount, the street has tonic and stimulative virtues which facilitate the Digestion. It contains a substance which owes him its name, the Rutine (or Rutoside), near to the Vitamine P, with the properties vasoprotectrices.
Its culture was prohibited lasting long years because it has abortive properties and with strong amount, it is likely to be toxic.
It is a Répulsif for the insects, in particular the Puceron S.
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