Roscoff (of which the name in Breton is Rosko ) is a common department of the Finistere, in area Brittany, in France. It is a dynamic seaside resort today. The inhabitants are called the Roscovites .
port, one can take a high-speed motorboat to go to the Island-with-Batz (whose Breton name is Enez Vaz ).
History
In 510, Saint pol. Aurélien arrives to Brittany, settles on the Island of Batz, founds a monastery and évangélise the area. Three centuries later, the Norman ones settle on the Island and plunder it. In 857, the fort of the city is taken by the English, but is taken again by Of Guesclin in 1363.Of 1374 with 1387, the old port of Rosko, Rosko Goz ( old roscoff into Breton), is successively set fire to by the English. The population emigrates.
In 1500, new Roscoff builds and accommodates in 1548, Marie Stuart.
One year later, the Parlement of Brittany authorizes the city with becoming a parish (common) independent.
In 1619, the vault Holy-Bores is set up followed establishment of the Capucins two years later.
In 1666, Santec is ensablé and facilitates thus the installation of new allotments.
Starting from the Revolution, the city changes. In 1789, Roscoff separates from Saint-Pol.-of-Leon, and becomes an autonomous municipality. In 1920, the commune of Santec is created (made up of part of the grounds of Roscoff, St-Pol.-of-Leon, and Plougoulm).
In 1828, begins the history from the Johnnies, the roscovites left to sell their Oignon S rosy in England. They were called thus because, at that time, they took along with them their children, old of ten years and small by the size. The English thus called them the “small Jean” (Yann into Breton, very usual first name), who says “English Johnnies”.
Starting from the Years 1870, the city is built and improved. In 1872, is created the laboratory of the biological station, followed in 1899, by the creation of the marine institute of Doctor Bagot, the institute RockRoum, first establishment of Thalassothérapie to Europe.
In 1883, the railway Morlaix - Roscoff is finally completed, thus facilitating the transport of the patients.
Of 1938 with 1952, is created the aquarium, sheltering many watery specimens.
In 1972, takes place the first connection Car-ferry with the England, with the port of Bloscon.
Geography
Roscoff is located on a peninsula of Bay of Morlaix. It extends on 619 hectares and has 14 km of coast with several sand beaches.
It is distance of 562 km of Paris.
Roscoff has two ports:
- a marina, the old port
- a deep water port, the port of Bloscon: fish, trade, traffic transmanche
Opposite Roscoff, is located the Île of Batz.
The commune is surrounded by villages (Laber, Kersaliou, Keradennec…) and of cities (Saint-Pol.-of-Leon, Morlaix…).
Demography
Population
The city counts: 3732 inhabitants with the census of 2004. 32% of the population has more than 60 years. In summer period, the commune can count of 16 with: 20000 residents.
Housing
The commune gathers: 1571 main homes, 726 second home and 159 vacant housings.
Administration
The Municipal council
Since 2001, the mayor of Roscoff is Joseph Seite. It is accompanied in its functions by eight assistant and nineteen city council men.Each quarter is held the Municipal council children. It is composed of eighteen members, eight children of the private school and eight children of the public school, two members provided education for outside. These children of CE2, CM1 and CM2 are elected for two years. They are framed by two elected officials and organizers of the recreational center. These young advisers are divided into various commissions: sport-leisure-culture, environment, life school-safety and solidarity. The purpose of the CMJ is to support the implication of the young people in the commune and to enable them to exchange ideas and to develop projects.
Community of communes
The community of communes of the Country of Léonard gathers eight communes: Island-with-Batz, Mespaul, Plouénan, Plougoulm, Roscoff, Saint-Pol.-of-Leon, Santec and Sibiril. It places at the disposal of these communes various services: government contracts, watery center, house of childhood… This community of 116 km ² gathers: 19611 inhabitants (census 1999). The President is the Mayor of Saint-Pol.-of-Leon: Adrien Kervella.
Economy
-
the rosy Onion, sold in England by the Johnnies (at the 19th century).
- the biological Station.
- health care institutions.
- the tourist activity.
- agriculture.
- fishing.
- Brittany Ferries .
The port of ferries and Shouted fishing as well as are managed by the Chamber of commerce and of industry of Morlaix.
The city has an active population of: 1276 people (census 1999).
- 82% is in the tertiary sector
- 9% are in industry and construction
- 8% is in agriculture
Culture
The city places at the disposal of the inhabitants and the tourists of passage a library, located Place Célestin Séïté, a cinema (the Holy Beard), and a casino.Every year, at the end of August, the city proposes the festival of rosy onion, in homage to the Johnnies. Besides the house of Johnnies makes it possible to the tourists to be interested in the history of these merchants of onions which crossed the English Channel to sell their products and this, as of the medium of the 19th century.
It is also possible to discover the city with a small tourist train.
Monuments
- the church Notre-Dame de Croaz Batz
- the vault Holy-Bores
- the vault Saint Nicolas's Day
- the vault Holy-Brigitte
- the ossuary
- the vault Holy-Anne
- the Notre-Dame vault of good news
- the vault Saint-Ninien
- the house known as “of Marie Stuart”
- the aquarium and the biological Station of Roscoff founded by Henri de Lacaze-Duthiers (1821-1901) in 1872 belonging to the Université Pierre and Marie Curie (UPMC), of the KNOWLEDGE and CNRS and accommodating many researchers and students.
Characters
- 1548, Marie Stuart in Roscoff.
- Tristan Corbière lived Roscoff.
- Louis-Eugene Bagot manufacturer of the marine Institute with Roscoff.
Environment
Roscoff obtained three with the Concours flowered cities and villages of France. Several parks and gardens can be visited:
-
the Exotic Garden of Roscoff;
- the garden Louis Kerdilès.
Sport
The commune has a council school of the sports, allowing the infants to discover the various sports practiced in the area, the stage Gerard Martin, a Lagadennou sports complex (and a versatile room) and a nautical center.
Schools
The common one has two nursery schools and primary: the public school Moguerou and the school Guardian angel. There is neither college nor college. The latter are in Saint-Pol.-of-Leon. These schools are managed by the General inspection of the departmental inspection of State education, Saint-Pol.-of-Leon and by the Academy of Rennes.
Health
The commune gathers three general doctors, two pharmacies, two centers of physical rehabilitation, and a Center of Thalassothérapie. It offers also care specialized in the Old people's home Saint Nicolas. The city depends on the Hospital and the private clinic of Morlaix.
Twinning
- Great-Torrington in Great Britain
The city is the godmother of the Altaïr (boat builds in 1993)
Safety
In order to protect its fellow-citizens, the common offer services of the municipal police. This last fight actively in particular against the noise, the wandering of the dogs, and fires of gardens.
Transport
The commune of many means of transport:
- rail-bound Transport with the TGV: the main station is located at Morlaix. FOR THE THIRD TIME a way between Morlaix and Roscoff offers, while passing through Saint-Pol.-of-Leon;
- Maritime transport between Roscoff and the Island of Batz, or between Roscoff and Cork;
- Road transport, with the bus;
- Air transport, with the airport of Brest;
- School transport.
Worship
- the catholic worship : the parish of Notre-Dame de Kroas-Batz and the vault Holy-Bore;
- the worship protesting: the temple located street of Dr. Bagot.
The city has two Cimetière S (one in seaside and one at the exit of the city).
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