Ronald Ross

See also: Ross

The August 20th, 1897, Sir Ronald Ross (1857 - 1932), doctor bacteriologist and British entomologist of the Armed with the Indies, showed that the transmission of the Paludisme of the birds is done by a Moustique. A little later the Italian scientist Giovanni Battista Grassi (1854-1925) will show that it of in the same way for the human paludism, transmitted by the female Anophèle.

Ronald Ross was born with Almora (India), the May 13rd 1857, Ronald Ross made its studies with London. It entered the military medical departments anglo-Indians in 1881 and 11 years later began its research on the transmission of paludism and the fight against this disease.

He worked a long time in India with a Scottish doctor specialist in the filariose, the doctor Patrick Manson (1844 - 1922), father of tropical medicine, and applied to the malaria the theory of Manson to the filariose: the disease was due to the transmission of a parasite - in this case, the telegraphic one - by a mosquito.

In 1889, during a forwarding in West Africa, it identified the presence of mosquitos vectors of paludism, by observing a mosquito which had just pricked a patient, and organized their extermination with large scales.

In 1894, Patrick Manson showed him the parasites on which he worked and, in November of the same year, walking to London with Ronald Ross, he says to him: “ do you Know that I worked out a theory on the mosquitos which transport the malaria, just like they transport the telegraphic ones? ”

Student of other mosquitos, Ronald Ross then discovered, in their digestive tract, of the Plasmodium falciparum at various stages of their development, thus bringing the proof that they are indeed the mosquitos male females them do not prick which transmit the malaria.

Starting from 1895, it undertook a series of scientific experiments which proved that paludism is well transmitted by the mosquitos. It also determined the biological cycle of the paludic parasite in the Anopheles mosquito.

The December 18th, 1897, the British Medical Journal announced that Doctor Ronald Ross had discovered paludic cysts in the walls of the stomach of anophèles having piqué a patient reached of paludism. Continuing to dissect hundreds of Anopheles, it brought the proof in February 1898 from there. The parasite that he had discovered is one of the twenty-four which affects the birds.

On the basis of his work, the Italian scientist Giovanni Battista Grassi (1854-1925) discovered the four which infects the man. But its communications mentioned hardly the name of Ronald Ross, and this one was upset with him until the end of its days. The complete cycle of the development of parasitizes it migrates towards salivary glands of the mosquito, from where it is injected with human will be described only in 1948, also by a British team.

Ronald Ross will receive the Nobel Prize of medicine in 1902 and the Royal Medal in 1909.

In 1911, it wrote about paludism:

  • “ To affirm that a disease is under the dependence of certain factors is used for well few things, unless it is possible to evaluate the influence of each factor on the end result. ”
  • “ the paludic fever, is important not only because of the sufferings which it inflicts with humanity, but also because of the obstacles that it always opposed to progress civilization… No desert, no wild race, no geographical difficulty was shown as hostile with civilization as this disease. ”

It was anobli in 1911. It also published mathematical studies, novels as well as poems, and died in London the September 16th 1932.

See too

Books on the subject

External bonds

  • It was once quinine
  • paludism in the sailors

June 6th 1901 -->

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