Roman republic (1798)

See also: Roman Republic (homonymy)

The Roman Republic (1798) , one of the Républiques sisters associated with the French Republic is a State which knew a short existence. The general Duphot, of the embassy of France, having been killed in a brawl, the French troops carried out by the general Louis-Alexandre Berthier invaded the Papal States and seized the town of Rome the February 11th 1798 (23 pluviôse An VI). The pope Pie VI was deposited and off-set in Toscane, then in France where he dies in exile.

In the place of the Papal States, the general Berthier proclaimed the Roman Republic the February 15th 1798 (27 pluviôse An VI). The new country was organized on the model of the French Republic, by Daunou and Monge, with the assistance of local revolutionists.

The new mode was coldly accommodated by the Roman population which badly lived plunderings which accompanied the catch by Rome and the climate did not improve in front of heaviness of the taxes claimed by the French leaders of the country.

In November 1798, the troops of Ferdinand IV of Naples launched an offensive against the Roman Republic and took again Rome the November 27th 1798 (7 frimaire An VII). They were overall well accommodated by the population but this Neapolitan occupation was short. The French Army carried out by Championnet took again the offensive, beating the Neapolitan troops with Civita Castellana the December 5th 1798 (15 frimaire An VII), before taking again the capital the December 14th (24 frimaire An VII).

However, the France little by little disengaged Italian peninsula during the year 1799, allowing a resumption of Rome by the Neapolitan troops, helped of the Great Britain, in September 1799, marking the end of the Roman Republic.

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