Rogier van der Weyden (Turned v. 1399/1400 - Brussels June 18th 1464) born Roger of Pasture (or even Rogier of Pasture ) is a Flemish painter of the Renaissance.
Life
Rogier van der Weyden was born in Tournai, in the Comté of Flanders, towards 1399. the Flanders forms part of the Burgundian Netherlands then. It Marie about 1426 and enters the workshop of Robert Campin, in Tournai, the following year. It has an age more advanced then than the majority of the apprentices (it approaches about thirty indeed). It obtains its control in the Guild of Turned in 1432.In 1435, " Roger" Master; becomes the official painter of the city of Brussels, where it settled. It is at this time there that its name (Roger of Pasture) is changed into Flemish (Rogier van der Weyden). He works in particular for the court of Philippe the Good, powerful duke of Burgundy and large patron, for whom he will make portraits. Its first works reflect the influence of its Master (Robert Campin), but it is freed some by introducing more realism and from emotion in the expression of its characters, true beings of flesh and blood. It was strongly influenced by its fellow-member older than him, Jan van Eyck, thanks to which it learns how to exploit the resources of a new medium: oil-base paint. He becomes soon the Flemish painter most required of his time, after van Eyck.
Van der Weyden carries out great dramatic compositions for the members of the powerful court of Burgundy. It creates in particular admirable the last Jugement (v. 1445-1449), single retable in its kind, composed of 15 panels ordered by the chancellor Nicolas Rolin for the Old people's homes of its town of Beaune (this immense polyptyque 2,25 m height and 5,46 m length is there always). Beside its works in religious matter, van der Weyden carries out splendid portraits the noble ones and rich person traders of the city. It carries out also illuminations (in particular for the Chroniques of Hainaut of Jean Wauquelin, for the library of Philippe the Good).
About 1450, year of the Jubilee, van der Weyden travels to Italy, most probably in Rome and Florence. It takes as a starting point FRA Angelico and learns from novel methods developped at the point by the Italian painters. For this period, he works for the family of Este and its portraits, in particular that of Francesco d' Este, will contribute to the rise of the oil-base paint in Italy at the end of XVe century.
After having carried out portraits of Philippe the Good, van der Weyden will carry out portraits for the son of this last, Charles Bold the.
Its art expresses a religious feeling intense, even pathetic or upsetting (as in its masterpiece, Deposition of 1435 celebrates it), returned with a sculptural plenitude. Its tonalities are saturated, but often clear. Thanks to the perfection of its technique, Rogier van der Weyden enjoyed an international notoriety of alive sound. Its style refined and filled up emotion deeply influenced very many Flemish and foreign painters, in particular German.
One finds his effigy in the effigies of the famous painters of the Netherlands of Dominique Lampson.
Principal works
- Portrait of an young woman (v. 1432-1435), Gemäldegalerie, Berlin.
- Holy Luc painting the Virgin
- Deposition (v. 1435), Museum of Prado, Madrid
- Retable Miraflores (v. 1440), Staatliche Museen, Berlin
- Triptych of the Martyrdom (v. 1440), Vienna
- Deposition (1443), Church St Pierre, Leuwen, Belgium
- Polyptyque of the last Judgment (v. 1445 - 1449), Old people's homes, Beaune
- Descent of cross , Museum of Prado, Madrid
- Put at the tomb (v. 1449, 1450), Museum of the Offices, Florence
- Put at the tomb , National Gallery, London
- Virgin and holy (1450), Städel, Frankfurt
- Holy Yves (v. 1450), National Gallery, London
- Portrait of Philippe the Good (v. 1456-1458), Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten, Antwerp
- Portrait of Charles Bold the (v. 1456-1458), Muséees Royal of the Art schools, Brussels
- Retable of Holy-Dove (between 1450 and 1460), Munich
- Crucifixion , known as Great Crucifixion (after 1456), Escurial, Madrid
- Woman crying , Royal Museums of the Art schools, Brussels
- Annionciation , Old Art gallery, Munich
- the seven sacraments , Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten, Antwerp
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