Rodez

Rodez (in Languedocien Occitan Ground ) is a common French located in the department of the Aveyron and the area the Midday-Pyrenees. The inhabitants are called the Ruthénois .

The historical city has 26  000 inhabitants. The eight common neighbors, the community of agglomeration of Large Rodez takes into account 48  930 inhabitants, of which 2  000 students. It is the first agglomeration of the department.

Its currency is Fidelis deo and governed .

Demography

The statistics according to counts only the population of Rodez. Since 1962, the population of the agglomeration has almost triplet.

Geography

Located at the limit of two very contrasted geographical areas, the dry plates of the Causse S and the wet hills of the Ségala, Rodez is perched on a hillock which dominates of 120 meters the river the Aveyron

Climate

Rodez profits from a continental climate but it is very marked by long periods of freezing cold or contrary to strong heat. Néamoins Rodez remains a cold city compared to the cities of the South of France.

Antiquity

Rodez is a city twice thousand-year-old: its existence would go back to the O C, when a Celtic tribe of Central Europe, the Ruthènes, stopped in the south of the Auvergne to found one of these oppida characteristic of Gallic civilization.

Under the Roman occupation, the Oppidum takes the name of Segodunum (“the rye hill”) because of its construction at the top of a piton. The fact ruthene remained a reality so impossible to circumvent that with the Bas-Empire the city was baptized the Civitas Rutenorum or city of Ruthènes, then Ruteni and finally Rodez.

Whereas the Christianisme was spread in the tread of the action évangélisatrice of Saint Mercies, the city did not escape the disorders from cruel times which followed the fall of the Roman Empire.

Middle Ages and Monarchies

Rodez was successively occupied by the Visigoths, the Francs, the armies of the dukes of Aquitaine and the counts of Toulouse, like by the Moors, which invested it in 725 and reflect with bottom the ancient church.

Later, they will be the English who will invest it at the time of the Guerre One hundred Year old.

But the history of the city remained marked during a long time by an intense competition between the counts de Rodez, Masters of the Borough, and the bishops of Rodez, Masters of the City. A wall delimited the two sectors, which makes of it an early example of city divided by a wall! Each community had a town hall, its consuls, a clean administration; each one competing of power, radiation. With the borough, celebrates it dynasty of the counts d' Armagnac and of Rodez, ended up acquiring kingly privileges: to beat currency with the Martelenque tower and to carry the crown comtale. That inevitably brought the confrontation with the king of France in 1443. The Dolphin, future Louis XI, occupied Rodez and subjected the Count Jean IV. Later his/her son will have a seditious idea while trying to betray Louis XI. That will be worth to him to be massacred with Lectoure, with its family, during her escape.

At the beginning of the 16th century, Rodez was marked by the bishop François d' Estaing (resulting from one of the most famous families of Rouergue). It finished the building work of the Cathédrale Notre-Dame of Rodez. He adding this architectural masterpiece that is the bell-tower, culminating with 87 meters, surmounted of a Virgin. Work was completed in fifteen years of 1510 with 1526 and this in spite of the plague which devastated the city.

This competition between the two capacities somewhat served the development of the city ruthénoise. In spite of testimonys which are its many Gothic masterpieces carried out of 13th at the 16th century, the city did not really know long periods of prosperity.

In 1589, Henri IV, count de Rodez, attaches the destiny of the Comté of Rodez to the Crown. The history of Rodez is copied then on that of the France. With the length of 18th and 18th centuries, Rodez becomes a prosperous commercial city.

Revolution and Restoration

The Révolution will remove with Villefranche-with-Rouergue, the old rival of Rodez, her role of administrative capital to the profit of Rodez, which becomes Préfecture new department of Aveyron because of its central position. The religious heritage of the city is only partially degraded.

In 1798, is created the central Société of Agriculture of Aveyron.

Under the Restoration , the Affaire Fualdès defrays the legal chronicle, giving place to very discussed lawsuit and capital executions. Rodez received on this occasion of many journalists who will describe manners ruthénoises under a very subjective aspect.

Modern times

The 19th century also knows a cultural revival. In 1836, is based by personalities and notable department on the initiative of Hippolyte de Barrau, the Société of the letters, sciences and arts of Aveyron.

The modernization of Rodez is carried out very slowly during the 19th century. Little by little, Rodez evolves/moves by affirming and developing its role of chief town of the Département of Aveyron. Anxious to escape the fate from the other departmental capitals from the Midday-Pyrenees such Albi, Montauban or Auch which fell under the dependence from Toulouse, Rodez propose an alternative to the hegemonism of the pink City on the Midday-Pyrenees. Symbols of these inclinations of development, the aéoroport of Rodez (Albi for example, however more populated does not have which it any more) and the new Hospital of Bourran (the second platform in the Midday-Pyrenees after Toulouse) promise a glowing future with the capital rouergate.

The Années 1970 mark the beginning of an immense operation of rehabilitation of the old center.

In the Years 1990, the construction of the viaduct of Bourran allows the creation of a new district, supports the establishment of new technological companies and the installation of antennas of the Universities of Toulouse.

The years 2000

In 2005, the Département of Aveyron continues its opening-up (viaduct of Viaur on the road of Toulouse, Paris-Montpellier highway and its famous viaduct of Millau, etc) and the agglomeration ruthénoise its economic development.

Recently Rodez appears like the capital " north of the Midday-Pyrenees and south of the Solid mass-Exchange and Cévennes": the construction of a new ultramodern hospital shows it.

Town planning

Rodez has many rental residences. The average of the new residences is of 4 parts. Its park of housing remains rather young, 59% of the residences are posterior at the Second world war.

In spite of that, town planning progresses day in day and the dwellings and other commercial premises increase by 23% each year.

Districts (nonexhaustive list)

  • AT THE CUS: Ceignac, Primaube, Luc, Flavin, Boissonnade, Neuville, Planèzes, Holy-Radegonde, Inières, the Artisanal Parks of Gazet, of Malan…, Naujac, Combelles, Crushes it, Olemps.

  • IN THE CENTER: the Monastery, Gascarie, Gourgan, the Ball of Gold, Foch-Paraire, the Historical Heart, the Seminar-Bompard, the Street Béteille, Saint-Cyrice, Amphitéâtre-Planard, Saint-Cyrice, Suburb-Crowned the Heart, Saint-Eloi and Avenues of Bordeaux and Durand the Large one.

  • IN THE WEST: Ampiac, Saint-Jospeh, Druelle, Bourran, Beautiful-Air, Gineste, Saint-Felix, Moutiers, Vabre, the Old Station and Costes Reds.

  • IN NORTH: Oustal Nau, Saint-Marc, Penchoterie, Castling, Sébazac, Estréniols, Room-the-Source, it Raising and Eldorado.

  • IN THE EAST: Layoule, Cataranne, Four Seasons, Saint-Mayme, Rouuette, Agen of Aveyron and Lioujas it Loubière.

  • Certaines communes profits from an increase in the population in to the proximity in the agglomeration: Bridge-of-Salars, Calmont, Baraqueville, Moyrazès, Marcillac, Bozouls, etc… What would carry the city to more than 60.000 inhabitants (either almost 50% of the population of Aveyron).

Administration

Rodez is the seat of the Prefecture of Aveyron, the General advice and the principal Law courts of Aveyron.

Heraldic

Malta-Brown, in illustrated France (1882), brings back two blasonnements different:

  • “Of mouths, to three gold besants. ”

  • “Of mouths, with three gold wheels, two as a chief and one at a peak; with the chief of azure, charged with three flowers of lily of gold,” and for currency: “CIVITAS RUTHENA DEO FIDELIS AND GOVERNED SEMPER.”

The wheels (ground) Armes speaking about Rodez, resemble besants, from where the confusion of blasonnement. The chief of " France" (of azure charged with three flowers of gold lily) corresponds to an increase conceded by the king Henri IV in 1596, and thus is not in contradiction with the first blasonnement, older (He would have besides to be said " cousu"). The precision two as a chief and one at a peak for the position of the wheels is useless (it is the position by defect) and thus does not bring of difference between the two blasonnements.

Blasonnement the more correct would be: “Of mouths, with three gold wheels; with the bent chief of azure, responsible for three flowers of gold lily also”

Economy

Rodez forms today the principal basin of use of Aveyron with sectors in strong expansion like health, the formation, the trade, the agroalimentary one (dairy, cheese dairy, transformation of the meat), the die wood-piece of furniture.

Remain that universalization and the tendency to delocalization which results from this anxious for the companies headlights established in Rodez like Drimmer specialized in the luminaries. Or Bosch, installed since 1971, which, with its 2100 paid, is the first world supplier of injectors diesels.

Rodez is the seat of the Chamber of commerce and industry of Rodez - Villefranche - Espalion. It manages the National Airport and Internartional of Rodez-Marcillac.

Head office of RAGT.

Transportation transport and routes

Rodez is served by the RN88 (axis Toulouse-Lyon). It is in the center of vast a raisau of communication towards the other big cities of the department. It has a company of bus Octobus serving all the aglommeration. The By-pass coutourne all the agglomeration but remains charged and often into perpetual work. The station of Rodez serves the big cities, all like the airport (Paris, Lyon, London…).

Tourism

Out put the large monuments of the city, Rodez attracts tourists but remains far away from the major centers of tourism of the department (lakes of Lévézou, Conques…).

Precariousness

The unemployment rate of Rodez east one of low of the big cities of the Midday-Pyrenees. In spite of that, the homeless people remain numerous and the applicants of the RMI are in légèrent increase.

Famous characters

Events

  • In July, takes place a medieval market. Dressed up craftsmen, actors, jugglers and musicians intervene.

  • In July also, the Estivada (marked Languedocien word Estibado ), festival of the Occitanie, is the window of occitane creation during four days, through music, tales, theater, dance, cinema and user-friendliness.

  • In May, takes place the handing-over of the price Antonin-Artaud, writer and celebrates patient old psychiatric hospital of Rodez.

  • In June, great fun fair.

  • With the autumn, living room of the old book.

Culture and leisures

Rodez is the seat of the Company of Arts, Sciences and the Letters of Aveyron. It has a media library rich in old works. Supplemented by 2 museums: Denys-Puech (comtemporain) and Fenaille (statues menhirs). A new museum is planned for works of Relieve.

The galleries Foch and Holy-Catherine are the great places of the exposures like Amphitéâtre, larger scene in concert and theater of all the department.

Two cinemas (the Club and the Royal one) are in Rodez. The cinema Family being closed recently and while waiting for the multiplexing of cinema of Rodez (approximately 8 rooms).

The sporting infrastructures are:

  • the Paul-Lignon Stage, greater stage of Aveyron. It accommodates the matches of the principal football club of Aveyron: the RAF (Rodez-Aveyron-Football).

  • the swimming pools Sunflowers and of Onet while waiting for the Nautical Center in work.

  • sports complexes of Vabres and Amphitéâtre.

  • Many stages (Saint-Eloi, Primaube…).

Education

  • public Colleges: of Onet-the-Castle, Jean Moulin and Fabre.

  • private Colleges: Crowned Heart (2 sites) and Saint-Joseph.

  • Public lycées: Castling (agricultural) Foch and Monteil.

  • Private Colleges: François d' Estaing (two sites: Holy-Procule and Sainte-Marie, Louis Querbes (three sites: Cédec, Vaïsse Villier and Jeanne d' Arc) and Saint-Jospeh.

  • Universiatire Institute and Technologique of Champollion (IUT).

  • College Higher Charles Carnus (BTS, HAD.).

  • Others: school of nurse, CFA, etc…

Tourist monuments and places

  • Notre-Dame Cathedral of Rodez : The cathedral of Rodez is the principal religious building of the department. Burned, broken down the cathedral had evil to be built. Today it remains still one of the least known cathedrals of France.La harms, it is illuminated interior.

  • the Saint Martin's day vault.

It was located at semi-slope in overhang of Layoule. Before 1789, it was used as Ruthénoise parishes, then before the war of 39-45, playing field and garbage dump for the children. In ruin since the war it was entirely demolished in 1966.

  • Museum Fenaille : The museum of history and archeology has a single collection of statues menhirs of Rouergue. Its collections include/understand also sculptures of other periods: Antiquity, the Middle Ages, Rebirth and modern time.

  • Church Saint-Mercies : Built at the 12th century, was entirely rebuilt of 1758 with 1761 with recovered materials of the old building. Outside is of style baroque but the interior preserved the purity of the novel. The cupola was decorated at the 18th century by Salinier. Tapestries of the 6th century decorate the chorus and represent the miracles of Saint Mercies. One preserves at it a pietà 15th century, a statue of the Trinity (16th century) and a box reliquary out of enamel of Limoges.

  • Crowned the Heart (1890-1920) inspired of the basilica of Conches.

  • the National stud farm (Old priory).

  • évêché the (Palate), its turns and its ramparts.

  • Vault of the Old Royal College (old College of the Jesuits , rested by the Society of Jesus to Rodez, become later on Royal College ), street White Louis. Site classified historic building XVIIe century, of Gothic style with painted decoration of the Rebirth.

  • Middle-class Houses (historical Heart)

  • Railway Bridges of the XIXe century

Twinnings

  • , city created by the emigration aveyronnaise in Argentina
  • , More

See too

External bonds

  • the town hall of Rodez
  • Tourist office of Large Rodez

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