Roberto Stickgold

In data processing, a framework is a modular workspace. It is a whole of libraries, tools and conventions allowing the development of applications. It provides sufficient bricks Logiciel them and imposes sufficient rigor to be able to produce an application succeeded and easy to maintain. These components are organized to be used in interaction the ones with the others (see urbanization).

Attempts at Francization of the term were made. One finds thus sometimes the terms tallies of applications, proposed by the Québécois Office of the French language or cadriciel .

A framework provides a whole of functions facilitating the creation of all or part of a software system, as well as an architectural guide by partitionnant the field aimed in modules. A framework is usually implemented using an object-oriented language, although that is not strictly necessary: a framework object thus provides an architectural guide by partitionnant the field aimed in classes and defining the responsibilities for each one as well as collaborations between classes. A subset of these classes can be abstract classes.

The deployment with large scales of libraries of objects requires a framework; this one provides a context where the components are re-used.

If the use of the term library is limited to the unit of the functions of the system, the term of framework can be employed by extension to also include the software Architecture recommended for this library (organization in layers, use of the model MVC, etc), even the environment of development built around (Microsoft .NET + Visual Studio, etc) even if this one is able to manage different frameworks.

Various types of frameworks are found:

  1. Framework of infrastructure system: to develop Operating systems, graphical interfaces, communications tools. (example: Framework. Net, Eclipse, NetBeans, Struts)
  2. Framework of integration Intergiciel it: to federate heterogeneous applications. To place at the disposal various technologies in the form of a single interface. (example: Ampoliros with its interfaces RPC, SOAP, XML)
  3. Frameworks of company: to develop applications specific to the sector of line of business.
  4. Frameworks directed Management system of contents

The main advantages of these frameworks are the re-use of their code, the standardization of the life cycle of the software (Specification, development, maintenance, evolution), they make it possible to formalize an architecture adapted to the need for the company. They benefit from the experiment of the former developments.

These frameworks is to some extent Progiciel S extremely flexible and evolutionary.

Examples of frameworks

See also: List of frameworks PHP

  • Apache Cocoon - an environment Servlet of development JAVA/XML for the Web, foundation Apache Software
  • Apache Struts - foundation Apache Software
  • Catalyst (software) - framework Web Open-source writes in computer programming language Perl
  • Cocoa - company Apple
  • Django - framework Web Open-source writes in computer programming language Python
  • Dojo - fast development of applications in Javascript carried out side customer and communicating with waiter with a granularity lower than the page thanks to Ajax.
  • Eclipse - Open-source of the foundation Eclipse Foundation Software
  • Jelix - modern framework PHP5, It proposes: MVC, templates, generators of exits (HTML, XUL,…), services Web (xml-RPC, json-RPC), authentification, management of rights, localization etc…
  • NetBeans - company Sun Microsystems
  • MARF - a framework Java Open-source for the treatment of audio of the MARF Research and Development Group
  • Microsoft .NET - company Microsoft
  • Microsoft XNA - framework of Videogame writes in C#. It allows the development of application for platforms Xbox 360 & PC
  • MIReG - framework of Métadonnée S of the European Union
  • Nuxeo - framework and platform of content management of company
  • Ruby one Rails - a framework Web Open-source writes in computer programming language Ruby
  • Seaside - a framework Web Open-source writes in Smalltalk
  • TurboGears - a framework Web Open-source writes in computer programming language Python
  • Zope - one framework Web Open-source writes in computer programming language Python
  • EvolanFramework - framework of application banking Web J2EE. It allows the complete development of a banking IHM of application of great scale only starting from descriptions XML. This Framework is the property of SopraGroup. See the range of product éponyme Evolan.
  • Zend Framework - a framework Web Open-source composed of many bookstores PHP.

External bond

  • Comparative MIReG metadata framework
  • of Django, Ruby one Rails & CakePHP

See too

Notes & reference

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