Robert Schuman - SpeedyLook encyclopedia

Biography

The father of Robert Schuman (1886-1963), Jean-Pierre Schuman (1837-1900), was born French from Luxembourg language with Évrange, village Lorraine at the Franco-Luxembourg border. In 1871, after the reannexation of part of Lorraine by the Germany, it became German. The mother of Robert Schuman, Eugenie Duren (1864-1911), Luxembourg born with Bettembourg, acquired German nationality at the time of her marriage with Jean-Pierre Schuman. Although it had been born in Clausen, a suburb of the town of Luxembourg (where its native house always exists), Robert Schuman was German of birth.

The young person Robert Schuman attended the elementary school and secondary (the Athenaeum) in the capital of the Grand Duchy, where he learned in particular French (its first language being Luxemburgish, its second standard German from where its Germanic French accent). Since the Luxembourg diploma was not recognized in Germany, it passed, in 1904, its Abitur (baccalaureat) with the Fabert college (called " college impérial") of Metz, then German city. Having made its higher learning of right in Germany to Bonn, Berlin, Munich, and Strasbourg, it opens a cabinet of lawyer to Metz in June 1912. In 1913, it chairs the large catholic laic gathering, the “Katholikentag”, held in Metz. One year later, the First World War bursts. During the war he exerts in the territorial administration (“Kreis”) with Boulay (the Moselle). In 1918, he becomes member of the municipal council of Metz.

In November 1918, the Alsace-Lorraine festival its return to the France and Robert Schuman enters in 1919 to the Parlement like deputy of the the Moselle re-elected in 1924 re-elected in 1928 re-elected 1932 re-elected in 1936 jusq' quay 1940 Member of the Commission of civil and criminal legislation (of 1919 to 1929 and 1939 to 1940) and of the Commission of Alsace-Lorraine (of 1910 to 1940) secretary of this Commission of 1920 to 1927, vice-president of 1927 to 1929, President of 1929 to 1936. 1936; elected official general adviser in the canton of Cattenom

after having taken French nationality. At the time of the debates to the Parliament on the abolition of the local right in 1923, it militates for the maintenance of the Legal settlement. In 1939, the Second world war bursts and in March 1940, Robert Schuman is named under-secretary of State for the Refugees. The July 10th 1940, it allots with 568 other members of Parliament the “full powerss” to the marshal Pétain. Of return in Lorraine, it is stopped by the Gestapo and put at the secrecy in the prison of Metz, then transferred to Neustadt in the Rhineland-Palatinat the April 13rd 1941. He escapes and succeeds in joining the free Zone in August 1942 while passing by the Abbaye of Ligugé.

Under the IVe Republic, it is President of the Council (1947) (MRP), then Foreign Minister (1948 - 1952), he was the large negotiator of all the major treaties of the end of the Second world war (the Council of Europe, pact of the North Atlantic, ECSC, etc).

It is for this reason that he proposed, by its Déclaration May 9th 1950, to place the Franco-German production of coal and steel under a common High ranking authority, in an organization open to the participation of the other countries of Europe. This proposal will involve the creation of the European Coal and Steel Community which is at the origin of current the European Union.

In 1953, load of the Moroccan file (the Morocco, like " protectorat" , depended on the Foreign affairs), it tries to be opposed to the deposition Mohammed V, which is worth to him to be évincé of the government.

It finds its seat of deputy of the the Moselle of 1946 to 1962. Of 1958 with 1960, he is the 1st President of the the European Parliament which decrees to him, at the end of its mandate, the title of “Father of Europe”. It is withdrawn from the policy in 1962 and dies in 77 years the September 4th 1963 with Scy-Chazelles, in Lorraine, where it is buried.

A lawsuit in beatification of Robert Schuman was opened by the Church Catholique: Monseigneur Pierre Raffin, bishop of Metz, authorized the opening of the lawsuit in 1991. In 2004, the lawsuit diocesan was enclosed. The documents were sent to the Vatican where the Commission on the Cause of the Saints is studying the file. To be béatifié, it is necessary that a miracle due to the intercession of Robert Schuman is recognized by the Church.

Political mandate

appointed of the Moselle 1919 has 1962
1936; elected official general adviser in the canton of Cattenom

Governmental functions

Minister for Finance from June 24th, 1946 to November 24th, 1947:

Government Georges Bidault (1) (from June 24th to December 16th, 1946),

Government Paul Ramadier (1) (from January 22nd to October 22nd, 1947),

Government Paul Ramadier (2) (from October 22nd to November 24th, 1947).

President of the Council (from November 24th, 1947 to July 26th, 1948).

President of the Council (from September 5th, 1948 to September 7th, 1948.

Foreign Minister from July 26th, 1948 to January 8th, 1953:

Government Andre Marie (from July 26th, 1948 to September 5th, 1948),

Government Henri Queuille (1) (from September 11th, 1948 to October 28th, 1949),

Government Georges Bidault (2) (from October 29th, 1949 to July 2nd, 1950),

Government Henri Queuille (2) (from July 2nd to 12th 1950),

Government Rene Pleven (1) (from July 12th, 1950 to March 10th, 1951),

Government Henri Queuille (3) (from March 10th to August 11th, 1951),

Government Rene Pleven (2) (from August 11th, 1951 to January 20th, 1952),

Edgar Government Faure (1) (from January 20th to March 8th, 1952),

Government Antoine Pinay (from March 8th, 1952 to January 8th, 1953).

External bonds

Official site of the school residence Robert Schuman in Metz
Site dedicated to Robert Schuman
It of the declaration of Robert Schuman of the creation of ECSC - European NAvigator
Foundation Robert Schuman
File of the diocese of Metz on the lawsuit in beatification of Robert Schuman
Site of the Transborder Chorus of Young people Robert Schuman: to live cultural Europe
Biography of R. Schuman and other characters - keys of Europe

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