Robert Rauschenberg

Robert Milton Ernest Rauschenberg , born on October 22nd 1925 with Port Arthur (Texas, the United States), is an artist American Plasticien .

Biography

After studies of pharmacy and an engagement in the American navy during the Second world war, Rauschenberg is registered in Kansas City Art Institute where he studies painting, the history of art, the composition, the sculpture, the music, the anatomy and the fashion of 1947 at 1948.

Later, it will meet Willem de Kooning, this meeting will be decisive for its work.

In 1948, it leaves to study art in Paris (with Académie Julian) what seems essential to him in the training of an artist. At the time, its meeting with Josef Albers will have a great influence on its tables.

1951, First personal exposure to Betty Parson Gallery of New York where none of its works are sold. It makes the meeting Leo Castelli (commercial of art) and of John Cage (type-setter). In 1952, it leaves to make a stay in Europe and in North Africa with the artist Cy Twombly, creates joinings which announce its method of combination of disparate topics whose majority of the reasons will take place in its iconographic register definitively.

It is the obliteration of a drawing of Kooning in 1953 which will influence Rauschenberg deeply. It will create to them “Combines Paintings” starting from an attempt at rewriting of art for art (by the total opening). In 1959, it takes part in the first Biennale of Paris and will expose at Daniel Cordier.

It starts to explore the technique of the Transfert with solvent in its work of drawings 1958. The " Andrew Dickson White Museum" is the first museum to obtain a work of the artist. In 1961, he is official director of the lights and manager.

Its first retrospective exposure in a museum will take place in 1963 with the Jewish Museum of New York. It develops a novel method by applying the Lithographie to the industrial treatment of the serigraphic screens for the transfer of the serigraphic screens.

Then, in 1966, the American artist founds the “Experiments in Art and Technology” (with engineer Billy Klüver). The purpose of this group is to facilitate an exchange between the artists and the engineers. What enabled him to assist with the takeoff of Apollo 11 in 1969. It joint in 1970 with a group of artists who in protest vis-a-vis the military action of the the United States towards the Vietnam, withdraw their works of the House of the United States to the 35ème Biennale of Venice.

In 1974, he travels in Israel, for the preparation with an exposure to the museum of Israel. He makes the cover of the Time magazine on November 29th, 1976. Then it goes back to the Photographie.

In 1982, it goes twice to the Japan to work Ceramics with Shigaraki. The following year, it makes drawings on carpets of ceremony and paperboards in connection with its voyage in Thailand, with the Sri Lanka and the Japan. It launches the project ROCI (Rauschenberg Oversas Culture Interchanges) to develop a communication between the various cultures. Rauschenberg finances to him this project even mainly. It gathers eleven countries: Mexico , Chile , Venezuela , Tibet , Japan , Cuba , Union of the Soviet socialist republics , East Germany , Malaysia , and the the United States.

He collaborates for the first time with Brown, dancer and John Cage which composes the music (Trisha Brown Compagny' S) in " Astral Converted" (50 , 1989) by carrying out the decoration. November 2nd 1993, he is prize winner at the Second Price of Art of Hiroshima.

During the following years, Rauschenberg explores the use of metal like support for painting, the enamel and the images screen printed. The found images and objects return to the voyages of the artist, while polished metal surfaces reflect the immediate environment of works.

See too

Pop art

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