Robert Oppenheimer (April 22nd 1904 with New York - February 18th 1967) is a American Physicien . He is regarded as the father of the American atomic bomb.

Entered with Harvard with one year of delay because of an attack of ulcerous Colitis, it benefits from this period to go, with its former English professor, with the New Mexico. It became there amateur of walks to horse as well as mountains and plates of this area. On its return, it obtains its diploma of Chimie in three years. Percy Bridgman makes him discover experimental physics. It is during its studies with the Laboratoire Cavendish of Ernest Rutherford with Cambridge, that it carries out that it controls the theory best that the practice because of its awkwardness. In 1926, it continues its studies under the direction of max Born with the Université of Göttingen, and obtains its doctorate at the 22 years age.

Impassioned by the Language S and in particular the Sanskrit, it also is interested in the Indian philosophies. Oppenheimer spoke and read Sanskrit where, like Nicola Tesla, it found a vocabulary old, traditional, adapted to the strange conditions that the matter adopts with regard to the respective scientific research from these two character emblematic of science.

In Göttingen, it publishes articles on the quantum theory. In 1927, it goes back to Harvard then the following year to the Caltech ( Caltech ). He becomes professor with Berkeley. However, reached from a minor form of Tuberculosis, it is withdrawn in its ranch “Perro Caliente”. It is Glenn T. Seaborg which then presents the requests of its students to him. Become the friend of Ernest Orlando Lawrence and the researchers of the Cyclotron, It makes important research in Astrophysique, Nuclear physics, and Spectroscopie. He then discovers the Approximation of Born-Oppenheimer.

In 1936, it meets Jean Tatlock who initiates it with the Politique. As much of Scientific S of the Years 1930, it becomes in favor of the Communisme. Much more fortunate than his comrades thanks to the heritage of his father, it subsidizes the movements gauchists. In November 1940, it Marie with Puening Harrison, an engaged coed, and in May 1941, they have their first child, Peter.

At the time of the entry in war of the the United States of America in the Second world war, it takes part in the effort to develop the atomic bomb with the Radiation Laboratory of Berkeley. With the frustration of Lawrence and with surprised of much it is named by the general Leslie Groves chief of the Projet Manhattan as scientific director and this in spite of his opinions.

In the search of a place to create a new secret laboratory, it finds it finally not far from its ranch of New Mexico. On a mesa punt close to Santa Fe, the National laboratory of Los Alamos is hastily built. Oppenheimer trains there a team with the most brilliant scientists of the time. His wife gives birth in 1944 to their second child, Katerine (known as Toni). When it attends the explosion, it remembers the quotation Sanskrit of the Bhagavad Gita : Kalosmi lokaksaya krt pravrddho - “I am Shiva, the destructor of worlds. ” Passage of the Gita where a description of the bomb and its effects are reported with grinds details, to believe modern description of it.

Following the defeat of the Nazi S and with the atomic bombardments on Hiroshima and Nagasaki with the Japan, Oppenheimer considers that these weapons must be controlled internationally and is opposed to the development Bombe with hydrogen.

In 1947, it succeeds Albert Einstein as director of the Institute for Advanced Study with the Université of Princeton.

Its standpoint in favor of Communism is worth however tensions with the politicians to him who show it to be a danger to the national security. It is then suspended by the president Eisenhower in 1953. In spite of the support of many colleagues, his certification is withdrawn to him.

Thereafter, it gives conferences in the whole world on the Histoire of sciences and on the questions of ethics related to scientific progress. In 1963, the president Lyndon Johnson gave to him on a purely honorary basis the medal Enrico Fermi.

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1. biographical Elements on '' J. Robert Oppenheimer ''

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Simple: Robert Oppenheimer