Robert Brasillach

Robert Brasillach , born the March 31st 1909 with Perpignan (the Eastern Pyrenees), shot the February 6th 1945 at the height of Montrouge, is a writer, Journaliste and film critic French, also known for its activity of collaborationnist during the Second world war.

Biography

After three years of literary preparatory class to the Louis-the-Large College, Robert Brasillach was allowed with the National university in 1928. This period lengthily is described in the first chapters of Our pre-war period , delivers memories written in 1939 - 1940.

It ensured a Chronique arts person in the daily newspaper the French Action and in the French Student in first half of the Années 1930.

Author of the Collaborator interval wars and during the Second world war, it was, of 1937 with 1943 (intersected with a captivity in Germany of 1940 with 1941, following its mobilization and with the French defeat), editor association of the weekly magazine I am everywhere , in which it let show through his hatred of the Juifs, of the Popular front, the Third Republic, and its admiration of the Nazisme. In 1943, it is supplanted by Pierre-Antoine Cousteau, (brother of Jacques-Yves Cousteau), Collaborateur more militant, with the head of the weekly magazine. Persuaded of the accuracy of its ideas as at the first day, Brasillach is paradoxically évincé because of its constancy: convinced fascist, it claims a Fascisme with the Frenchwoman, who is combined with the Nazisme but which is not a simple copy; partisan of the victory of the Germany, it considers it less and less probable and refuses to lie by announcing it like some, with a public which does not believe in it any more.

Lawsuit and execution

In September 1944, his/her mother having been stopped, it is constituted captive near the Police headquarter of Paris. He was imprisoned with the Prison of Fresnes (current the Valley-of-Marne) and was continued for Intelligence with the enemy. Its Procès opens the January 19th 1945 in front of the Court of Assizes of the the Seine. He is condemned to died the very same day after a Délibération twenty minutes. Its defense had been ensured by Jacques Isorni, which was also, a few months later, defender of the marshal Pétain.

In the days which followed, a petition of famous intellectuals, among whom Paul Valéry, Paul Claudel, François Mauriac, Daniel-Rops, Albert Camus, Marcel Aymé, Jean Paulhan, Roland Dorgelès, Jean Cocteau, Colette, Arthur Honegger, Maurice de Vlaminck, Jean Anouilh, André Barsacq, Jean-Louis Barrault, Thierry Maulnier, etc, required of the general De Gaulle, chief of the provisional government, the grace of condemned to death. The general chooses not to commute the sorrow pronounced, which involved the execution of the sentence, the February 6th according to, when Brasillach was shot at the height Montrouge. De Gaulle will say:

“That is not explained. In the letters also, the talent is a title of responsibility and one needed that I reject this recourse, perhaps, after all, because it had appeared to me that Brasillach had been irremediably mislaid. I specify all the same that my decision had nothing to do with the sexual orientations of this author, of which I in addition recognize, like you, the phenomenal culture. If I remember so well EC morning, it is that at each last night of a man that I could gracier, I did not close the eye. For my manner, it was necessary that I accompany it. ”

However, many biographers wonder about the reasons having pushed the de Gaulle General to be let carry out Robert Brasillach. De Gaulle would have seen in the file of Brasillach the cover of a magazine showing it under the German uniform. There would have been a confusion with Jacques Doriot. Lacouture which brings back this rumor does not believe in this interpretation. It leans for the assumption of a concession made to the Communists to be able to be firmer on other points.

The de Gaulle general listened to Mauriac, and refused the grace. Though he thought about it, de Gaulle could not be opposed to all the requirements Communists who constituted a third of the capacity, if not more. They required the head of Brasillach, which had led many theirs to the post. I think that de Gaulle made the share of fire.

Robert Brasillach was buried with the Cimetière of Charonne, in the XX {{E}} district of Paris. Each year, the February 6th, the free-Hispanic Cercle organizes a wreath laying on the tomb of Robert Brasillach.

Film critic

Brasillach is very early fascinated by the cinema: of 1922 to its death, it returns account with enthusiasm of the cinema news. The fruit of this passion, in addition to many chronicles in the newspapers, is its Histoire of the cinema published for the first time in 1935 and which will be the subject of a new edition in 1943 in collaboration with his/her brother-in-law Maurice Bardèche. Contrary to criticisms of the time, Brasillach adopts on the cinema a politically neutral point of view, except some additions anti-semites of circumstance in 1943. Its thirst for cinema leads it to attend assiduement Henri Langlois with the Cercle of the cinema . Although enthusiastic on the traditional ones (Charles Chaplin, Georg Wilhelm Pabst, Clear Rene, Jean Renoir…) and Hollywood films (John Ford, Frank Borzage, King Vidor…), it shows original tastes and watch an insatiable curiosity for the foreign cinemas. It is thus the first with speaking in France about the Japanese Cinéma and in particular about Yasujiro Ozu, Kenji Mizoguchi and Heinosuke Gosho. In prison, he worked with the third edition of sound Histoire of the cinema and prepared an adaptation of Falstaff , which he hoped to turn with Raimu.

Works of Robert Brasillach

Presence of Virgile , 1931
the Robber of sparks , novel, 1932
the Child of the night , 1934
History of the cinema , 1935 (in collaboration with his/her brother-in-law Maurice Bardèche
the Lawsuit of Jeanne d' Arc , text established and prefaced by Robert Brasillach of texts, Gallimard, 1941, republished into 1998 with the Editions of Paris, collection “Traditional”, with a presentation of François Bluche
History of the war of Spain (with Maurice Bardèche), Plon, 1939

Portraits , 1935

the Merchant of birds or the Meridian line of Paris , 1936

As time passes… , 1937

Pierre Corneille , Beech, 1938

the Seven colors , Plon, 1939

Our pre-war period , Plon, 1941

Conquering it , 1943

Four Thursdays , 1944

Letter with a soldier of class 60 . the Enemy brothers . tragic Dialog , the Black House, Paris. 1946. 107 p.

- nonexhaustive list -
Posthumous publications:

Poems of Fresnes , 1950

Anthology of Greek poetry (1950), ED. Stock. Rééd. in 1995 with the Book of Pocket. ISBN 2-25301-517-2

the Queen of Césarée , theater (drama), 1954, played for the first time in 1957

Bérénice , theater (drama), 1954

Newspaper of an occupied man , 1955

the Prisoners , unfinished novel, Plon, 1974

nonexhaustive

His/her brother-in-law Maurice Bardèche ensured the direction of publication, with the Club of the Honest Man , the complete Œuvres (expurgées) in 12 volumes, of 1963 to 1966.

References

See also: Amorce=Articles related:, French Action, I am everywhere, Collaboration

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