Rioni of Rome

The term rione (plural: rioni) derived from the Latin word regio (area), is used since the Moyen-âge to name the districts of the historical center of Rome, according to a subdivision several times modified during the centuries.

ancient Rome

The urban subdivision was established at sixth century BC by Servius Tullius, instituting four regiones inside the Pomœrium:

1. Suburana (Cælius)
2. Esquilina (Esquilin)
3. Collina (Quirinal and Viminal)
4. Palatina (Palatine Hill and Velia)
   

In this subdivision, neither the Capitole, probably for its defensive character and its religious pole, nor the Aventin, still located outside Pomœrium, are included there.

Under Auguste, a new subdivision, which includes/understands the town territory widened beyond the borders of the Mur servien, is created; it includes/understands fourteen regiones , all located, except for the Transtiberim (current the Trastevere) (), on left bank of the the Tiber:

After the fall of the Roman Empire and the decline of Rome like arts center, the population decreases and the administrative subdivision is lost. During the 12th century a subdivision in twelve rioni , not issued by the political power, is used by the Romans. Even if the rioni are distinguished then from the precedents, the same name is used: regio in Latin and rione in language popular.

The rioni with the Middle Ages

The limits of the rioni became final and official at the 13th century: their number is from now on of thirteen, with the addition of that of Trastevere. During this period the limits are however not clearly defined: often, the dwellings being concentrated in the center of a given rione and the peripheral zones practically deserted, it is not necessary that a delimitation is established.

With the Rebirth, an intesive work of installation and reorganization of the city is undertaken. The practically deserted zones are then urbanized, of new roads, of the fountains are built and it becomes imperative to clearly fix the limits of each rione .

In 1586, Sixte V adds Borgo like 14th rione in the zone of San Pietro , thus creating a balanced situation which, grace also to a limited population growth, remained identical until the 19th century.

In 1798, during the French Occupation () of the city, a rationalization of the traditional subdivision is undertaken, with the creation of twelve rioni (between bracket is indicated the current correspondence):

Little time after, Napoleonean Rome is again subdivided in eight rioni , officially called Giustizie (Italian Justice):

In this manner, the smallest districts are annexed to largest. A positive point of the reorganization was the obligation made by the French register for each street and its name and that of sound rione of membership; thus and for the first time, there was no more no ambiguity as for the limits of the rioni .

The rioni after the Italian Unit

The period following the departure of French is relatively stable, without significant innovation in the organization of the city until the emergence of Rome like capital of Italy.

The continuous surge of immigrants come from the remainder of Italy and the need for new buildings necessary to the role for capital cause an intense urbanization and an increase in the population, so much inside that outside the Mur of Aurélien. In 1874, the rioni are from now on fifteen with the addition of Esquilino, resulting from the rione Monti. The beginning of the 20th century sees subdividing the existing rioni and the birth of the first districts out of the wall of Aurélien.

With the growth of the city, the number of rioni increases gradually to arrive at the twenty-two current ones in the Années 1920.

Prati is ultimate the rione created and the only one to be outside the wall of Aurélien. The complete listing of the rioni , classified according to their sequence number, is the following one:

Logo of the 22 current rioni

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