Right seigneurial

One indicates by right seigneurial the advantages and responsibilities allotted to the Seigneur French by detention for a banal Seigneurie. The seigniory confers to the lord right a symbolic system, tax and legal on the grounds and subjects of its field.

The Seigneurie thus has a hierarchical role, of representation of the king and order, but also that to make even live to enrich the lord.

Right and function symbolic system

Its symbolic range, in a company of respect (tender to the superior), is to post an order, a hierarchy. It holds a certain number of marks of its row: a Dovecote, preeminences with the church (bench with balustrade, armorial bearings, falls, funerary liter, etc), the monopoly of hunting.

The peasant must be deferent towards his lord and show all the marks of respect: to take off the hat, courtesy…

All the lords are not necessarily noble, the middle-class commoners can be ground lords. The lord could also be a community: religious community, city…

Right of taxes

The Seigneurie S bring back money to the lord by the taxes which it can raise there:

the recognitive taxable quota of seigniory. The peasant recognizes by this taxable quota his subjection to the lord. The taxable quota remains negligible - its amount is seldom revalued - but highly symbolic system.
the surcens, attempts seigneurales to increase the taxable quota, generally weak.
the champart, kind of dîme seigneuriale, in kind taken, proportional to harvest, oscillating between 1/6 to 1/12 (taking away being added to that of the Dîme of the priest: 1/10).
accidental right , irregularly versed, example the “Lods and sales”, a transfer tax on the censives ones.
the banalities, for example banalities of the mill, obliging the peasants to make grind their grain with the mill of the lord, and thus to buy this service to him.

As today, the taxes had the aim of making take part the whole of the community in the loads pulled by the property of the collective goods with use.

These various loads, independently weak, appear very heavy when they are added. The disappearance of these loads, in 1789 in France, thus was particularly well accommodated.

The lord himself is also farmer, competitor unfair, since not having the same loads and having privileges: first to be sold, etc

Right of justice

The seigniory confers also a right to return the Justice seigneuriale. As well in the civil cases as in the criminal cases. By the legal ordinances of 1670, the seigniory is responsible according to its row for:

the Low justice, for the sums lower than 3 books tournaments.
the Average justice which also makes it possible to impose fines.
the High justice: sorrow defamatory, afflictive, or mortal.

The verdict of a lord is systematically struck of Appel, where the Parlement S often break the heavy comdamnations, which returns the sorrows by very rare punishments.

The Lord S with basic duty and average justice have right to post their armorial bearings, those of high justice have the right to post in more the forks patibulaires, or to plant a Pilori, symbols of justice.

Preeminences of church

Patronage: to the top Moyen-âge of many lords allocated the right to indicate serving them of the churches. With the Gregorian Reform, the many laic ones often reassigned this right to the Church with the profit of abbeys and monasteries. The founders of chapellenie in the large buildings will preserve their right of patronage to indicate serving them of these vaults
Droit of bench or stool with balustrade
Droit to a fall into the chorus or a enfeu seigneurial
Droit to the armorial bearings in the stained glasses or carved on the frontage
Droit of liters, at the time of the burials.

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