Richard Hakluyt

Richard Hakluyt ( /ˈhækəlwɪt/ ) (born with Hereford towards 1552 or 1553, † the November 23rd 1616 in London), chaplain of the Bristol-board cathedral and Archdeacon of the abbey of Westminster, are a geographer, historian, translator, editor and English diplomat of the time élisabéthaine. It was, by its books (in particular The Principall Navigations, Voiages and Discoveries off the English Nation ) one of the burning propagandists of the expansion of England overseas.

Biography

Family origins

Contrary to a persistent belief, the Hakluyt family is of Welsh origin , rather than Dutch; according to the Antique dealer John Leland, the family owes her patronym with the forest of Cluyd in the Radnorshire. It seems that it was established in the county of Herefordshire in England towards XIIIe century, more precisely in Yatton, a little more than 3 km in the south-east of Leominster, and counted with the number of the most important landowners. Some Hugo Hakelute , ancestor supposed of Richard Hakluyt, were elected Député of the borough of Yatton in 1304 or 1305, then between XIVe and XVIe century, one does not count less than five " of Hackluit" or " Hackluit" among the Sheriff S of Herefordshire. Some Walter Hakelut were anobli during the 34e year of the reign of Edouard Ier (1305), and in 1349 Thomas Hakeluyt was Chancelier Diocèse of Hereford. The notarial acts show finally that Thomas Hakeluytt was Justice of the Peace under Henri VIII (which reigned of 1509 to 1547) and Edouard VI (which reigned of 1547 to 1553), or with London about 1553.

Formed with Westminster School then with the college of Christ Church (Oxford), between 1583 and 1588, Hakluyt was initially Chapelain and Secrétaire of Sir Edward Stafford, the Ambassadeur English near the court of France. The fact of being ordered priest was to make it possible Hakluyt to exert later important loads with the Cathédrale of Bristol-board and the Abbaye of Westminster, to become chaplain particular of Robert Cecil, the 1st count de Salisbury and principal Secretary of State of the Queen Elizabeth and king Jacques Ier.

Whereas he studied with Westminster School like pupil of the Crown, Hakluyt returned visit to its legal guardian: their conversation around “ certain books of cosmography, a chart of the world and a Bible ”, committed it to continue “ the study of this science and the practice of these readings ”. Admitted with the college of Christ Church (Oxford), in 1570 thanks to a purse poured by the Corporation of Foureurs of the Exploring French Jacques Cartier, account of its second voyage to the Canada in 1535-1536. Hakluyt continued by a test entitled Divers Voyages Touching the Discoverie off America and the Ilands Adjacent unto the Same, Made First off all by our Englishmen and Afterwards by the Frenchmen and Britons (1582).

The Voyages of Hakluyt off drew the attention of Lord Howard Effingham, and of Sir Edward Stafford, brother-in-law of the precedent. Hakluyt, old now 30 years, and familiar of the “ more eminent captains with the long course, of the largest traders, and the best sailors of our nation ”, from which it profited indeed since 1585 or 1586 and that it preserved, with others Bénéfice S ecclesiastics, until his death.

The other writings of the Parisian period of Hakluyt consist essentially of Traduction S and compilations, with Dédicace S and Préface S of grown sound. These posterior writings, beside some letters, are for us the only biographical sources on the life of the English geographer. Hakluyt was interested closely in the Journal of edge of Rene de Laudonnière, entitled Notable Histoire of Florida , appeared in Paris in 1586. The success of the book in the French capital encouraged Hakluyt to undertake the translation in English language of it; it made it appear under the title has Notable Historie Containing Foure Voyages Made by Certayne French Captaynes unto Florida (1587). The same year, its edition of the Of Sphere Nouo Decades Octo of Pierre Martyr of Anghiera appeared in Paris. This work comprises a extremely rare engraved chart, dedicated to Hakluyt and signed F.G. (allotted to Francis Gualle), and where the name of " Virginia" appears for the first time”.

The April 20th 1590, Lady Stafford, itself Countess of Sheffield, entrusted to Hakluyt the Rectorat of Wetheringsett-cum-Brockford, in the Suffolk. It preserved this load until its death, and resided at Wetheringsett throughout the years 1590 and even still often thereafter its name is quoted like advising English Compagnie of the Eastern Indies, providing charts and information on the counters.

With the service of Robert Cecil

At the end of the years 1590, Hakluyt became the private chaplain and the pensioner of Robert Cecil, the son of Lord Burghley, who was to prove to be the most generous patron of the geographer élisabéthain. Hakluyt dedicated to Cecil the second (1599) and the third volume (1600) of the increased edition of the Principal Navigations , like its edition of the Discoveries of Galvão (1601). Cecil, first Secretary of State of the Queen Elizabeth and the king Jacques Ier, the gratifia of the benefit of prebendary of the Abbey of Westminster the May 4th 1602. The following year, he was elected Archidiacre abbey.

Hakluyt was married twice, initially in 1594.”

Posterity

Hakluyt died the November 23rd 1616, probably in London, and was buried the November 26th in the Abbaye of Westminster; the register of the abbey is marked erroneous that the burial took place in 1626. The remainder of the manuscripts, primarily of the notes of reading of contemporary authors, are preserved at the library of the Université of Oxford.

Hakluyt is especially famous as a propagandist of the English colonization of North America. Its exotic writings were already in their time a source of inspiration for William Shakespeare, that John Pory published his version of the “ Description of Africa ” of Leon the African ( has off Geographical Historie Africa , 1600), and Pierre Erondelle the Nova Francia of Marc Lescarbot (1609).

The Hakluyt Society , created in 1846, is given for mission of publishing the rare or new accounts of voyage, and publishes still today new books year after year.

Works

Original titles

Quarto. Reprinting:

Reprintings:

Folio. Reprinting:

2 flights.

3 flights. ; folio. Reprints:

16 flights.
12 flights.

Translations and editions

.
Octavo.
1 vol. in-4°. Reprinting:

Quarto.

Random links: