Revolt of Zanj

The rebellion of Zanj is a revolt of Esclave S blacks against the capacity of the Abbassides between 869 and 883 in the south of Iraq, in the area of Al Basra.

Many owners of the area had bought hundreds of black slaves originating in the East of L `Africa, the Zanj, to work with the irrigation of their grounds, by hoping that their ignorance of the Arab language would make them particularly flexible.

In September 869, Ali ibn Muhammad applicant to go down from Ali, the fourth caliph, and of Fatima, the girl of Mahomet, succeeds in convincing several hundreds of slaves to raise itself against the central government, based with Samarra, by underlining their unjust condition and in their promising freedom and fortune. The speech of Ali ibn Muhammad was reinforced by its adhesion with the sect of the kharidijic . The abominable living conditions of the slaves decided them to take party for the revolt, that others followed in the name of a purer Islam.

Rising quickly became extensive, the Bedouin and mercenaries uniting with the revolt, and the rebels gained battles against the forces of the caliph. They also built a city, Al-Mukhtarah , and took several other important cities, in particular Al-Ubullah , port on the Persian Gulf. The new caliph Al-Mu' tamid entrusted to his brother, Al-Muwaffaq, a new army which was demolished in April 872.

Between 872 and 879, whereas Al-Muwaffaq fought the expansion of the dynasty to the capacity in Iran, the rebels took other cities and were established in the Khuzestan. One second offensive organized into 879 leads to the resumption of the conquered cities and in 883, thanks to the reinforcement of Egyptian troops, Al-Muwaffaq crushed this revolt and turned over to Baghdad with the head of Ali.

Thereafter, the black slaves were often replaced by Slavic slaves thanks to the trade of the Radhanites.

Sources

The history of the Zanj revolt is known thanks to the Histoire of the prophets and the Kings of the Persian historian sunnite Tabarī.

Research was carried out on this revolt by the Orientaliste S Theodor Nöldeke ( Sketches from Eastern History ) and Louis Massignon ( the Passion of Al-Hallaj ). In addition Alexandre Popović also published on this subject.

See too

  • Treats Eastern

Sources

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