Republic of Genoa

The Republic of Genoa , one of large the maritime republics Italian, lasted approximately eight centuries, of the medium of the 11th century at 1797, after the abdication of the last doge de Gênes, Giacomo-Maria Brignole Sale. Its economic apogee was the 16th century that some go until naming “ El siglo los genoveses ” while its military apogee went from 1284 to 1381. The shapes of government underwent many changes during this long period.

Information sources

The history of Genoa and its Republic, like the other shapes of governments to the head of the city, including the period of the doges, was studied abundantly by the historians, since the accounts of the end of the 11th century by Caffaro (historian and Consul of the commune) in its Annales.

Is this a democracy?

Matteo Senarega (doge of 1595 with 1597) written, in the “ Discorso will sopra Città E Repubblica di Genova ”:

It does not return in any of the three good governments, nor any of the three bad ones, presented by Aristote ; but it is rather a mixture; it is not a democracy, since the people do not control it; it is not an aristocracy, since all listed ( ascritti ), i.e. the optimates , control there; it will not be said either that it is an anarchy because justice is severe there with regard to the people ".

Periods

If one distributes the time of the Republic in five periods (what is vague enough for the three first), one obtains:

a first republic, known as of the Consuls ;
one second, of the Podestat S ;
a third, of the captains of the people ;
a fourth, of the doges to life ;
a fifth, of the doges for two years .

The republic of the consuls was, all in all, of democratic form, while those of the podestats and the captains of the people were the occasion many conflicts of authority and oppressions; the doges with life car-proclaimed popular even if it were almost about a Oligarchie; finally the fifth republic was aristocratic by institution.

Titrate persons in charge of the Republic of Genoa

(of 1099 with 1339)

1099 - 1129: Consuls (loads at the same time of the State and the Placiti for justice)
1130 - 1190: Consuls of the State and the Placiti (separate loads)
1191: Podestat and Consuls of the Placiti (first Podestà not génois is Domenico Manegolodo di Tettuccio, of Brescia)
1192 - 1193: Consuls of the State and the Placiti
1194: Consuls of the State and the Placiti
1194: Podestat
1195 - 1200: Podestat and consuls of the Placiti
1201: Consuls of the State and the Placiti
1202 - 1206: Podestat and consuls of the Placiti
1207 - 1210: Consuls of the State and the Placiti
1211: Podestat and consuls of the Placiti
1212 - 1216: Consuls of the State and the Placiti
1217 - 1257: Podestat
1257 - 1262: Podestat and captain of the people (the first captain of the people is Guglielmo Boccanegra, génois)
1263 - 1270: Podestat
1271 - 1291: Two captains of the people ( Duumvirat )
1291 - 1295: Captain of the people
1296 - 1299: Two captains of the people ( duumvirat )
1300 - 1306: Podestat
1306 - 1309: Two captains of the people ( duumvirat )
1309 - 1310: Captain of the people
1311: Podestat
1311 - 1314: Vicars of the emperor Henri VII
1314 - 1317: Podestat (the last podestat non-génois is Zambellino di Berbardo, of Brescia)
1317 - 1318: Two captains of the people ( duumvirat )
1318 - 1335: Vicars of the king Robert of Naples
1335 - 1339: Two captains of the people ( duumvirat )
1339: Election of the first doge with life , Simon Boccanegra

Sources

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