Rennes is a French commune, the chief town of the department of Ille-et-Vilaine and area Brittany, as one of the historical capitals of the Duché of Brittany is located at the east of the Brittany on the edges of Unpleasant the.

Its inhabitants is called the Rennais and Rennaises .

It is called Resnn in Gallo and Roazhon in Breton, Rennes comes from the Redones, name of the Gallic Peuple populating this part of Armorique to the II e In French Language of the signs, the city is signed like a Renne. Rennes is the eighth university Town French, after Paris, Lyon, Toulouse, Lille, Marseilles/Aix-en-Provence, Montpellier and Bordeaux (and the sixth if it is considered that Aix and Marseilles form two distinct cities).

Geography

Relief

Rennes is located at the confluence of the Ille and the Vilaine, in the middle of a urban Aire of: 589000 inhabitants, and with a Agglomeration of 404.000 inhabitants distributed out of 37 communes.

The city is in the center of a sagging zone of the Armorican Massif between the higher zones of the west of Brittany and the buttresses of the hills of Normandy and Maine. The basin of Rennes was dug by the erosion of the Ille and the Vilaine in the tender Schistes. Moreover, the city is inserted slowly and should be drowned in approximately 3.000 years . The altitude of the commune weak and lies between 20 and 74 meters. The relief is boxed little and thus allowed an urban spreading out and a continuity of the frame.

Transport

In term of transport, the city is easily accessible. The ways expresses leave out of star in direction Paris or Brest (E 50), the highway of the Estuaries towards Caen or Nantes (E 03), or towards Saint-Malo (D 137) or Vannes and Lorient (NR 24). The station has a strong activity with frequent stops TGV or FOR THE THIRD TIME. It is also a node of multimode transport with the connection of the network of bus and the subway (whose second line is being studied for 2015/2018). In 2012, Rennes will be with 1:23 of Paris thanks to the prolongation of the line high speed. With this occasion, it is envisaged a new station FOR THE THIRD TIME as well as the construction of more than 100.000 m of offices. Its airport, of Rennes-Saint-Jacques, opens deserted main roads to him and international.

Climate

The city is under a relatively soft oceanic climate. The annual heights of precipitations are lower than 700 Misters It rains in quantity (and not of many days of rain) more with Nice in Rennes. The winters are wet and on average soft. The summers are relatively dry, moderately hot and sunny. Rennes profits from approximately 1.850 hours of sunning each year.

History

See also: History of Rennes

  • Towards IIe century before Jesus-Christ: The city is rested by the tribe of the Riedones which chooses the site of the confluence of Ille and Unpleasant for capital, and takes the name of Condate (what means " confluent" into Gallic, just as Kemper (Quimper) into Breton).
  • Towards IIIe century, of the ramparts is set up to at that time protect the city from the cruel, frequent attacks.
  • the city, included/understood in the steps of Brittany, is gradually integrated into the kingdom of Brittany and quickly becomes a ducal city.
  • In XVe century, Rennes consolidates the Gallo-Roman primitive enclosure. In this same century, two successive enclosures will increase the city.
  • In XVIe century, after the fastening of the duchy of Brittany to the kingdom of France in 1532 by the edict of Valves, the city becomes the seat of the Parlement of Brittany, and thus provincial capital in opposition to Nantes, old capital of the duchy. The fortifications raised against the French and the English become useless and are slowly dismantled until the beginning of the 20th century.
  • 1720: a fire destroys the three-quarter of the city, the rebuilding will be the occasion to reconsider the city according to the town planning and the esthetism of the XVIIIe century.
  • 1857: arrived of the railroad at the South of the city, which allows the urban development between the " city; noble" located at the North of Unpleasant and the station located at the South of the unhealthy part of the city.
  • 1899: the revision of the business Dreyfus takes place in Rennes.
  • Second world war: the city is occupied starting from June 18th 1940 by the German army, it undergoes many bombardments and will be released on August 4th 1944 by the troops of the general Patton.
  • as from the Fifties, the city experiences a significant development in particular dependant on the rural migration and a new industrialization: the factory Citroen established on 220 hectares in the south of the city (10 000 paid).
  • Currently, the city is recognized to be an administrative, dynamic city with many students and activities of points in telecommunications, the networks image and transmissions, benefitting from its position of chief town to the doors of Brittany.

Demography

The city currently counts 209.900 inhabitants. It is about the principal city of the urban Unité of Rennes which counts more than 270.000 inhabitants (it is composed of 10 communes which are: Rennes, Bruz, Cesson-Sévigné, Chantepie, Chartres-of-Brittany, Montgermont, Pont-Pean, Saint-Gregoire, Saint-Jacques-of-the-Moor and Vezin-the-Vain). The city is in the center of the 12th urban Aire French which counts more than 520.000 inhabitants according to the figures of INSEE of 1999. Through the various censuses intermediary of population and the demographic dynamism of Rennes and his agglomeration (+1,3% of growth between 1990 and 1999) one can estimate at more than 290.000 inhabitants the inhabitants of the urban unit and at 590.000 the inhabitants of the urban surface.

Monuments and curiosities

Rennes is classified town of art and history.

Historical center

  • the traditional houses with wood sides (half-timberings) coloured are located mainly along the streets Saint-Saver, Saint-Georges, of Saint-Malo, Saint-Guillaume, of the Ladies, of the Chapter, Vasselot, Saint-Michel, of Psallette and around the streets of the Field-Jacquet and Rejoin-of-Baty, of the places of the Strings and Holy-Anne and the Cathedral.
  • Old vault of the Saint-Yves hospital (Gothic), street Saint-Yves, arranged in museum on the evolution of Rennes, Tourist office.
    • polychrome busts out of wooden of the 16th century, frontage of 20 rue du Chapitre.
    • Basilica Saint-Saver of Rennes, Notre-Dame of the Miracles and Virtues, protective of the town of Rennes.
  • Place of the Strings and surroundings.
    • the Martenot markets of the 19th century, built of 1868 to 1871 by Jean-Baptiste Martenot, accommodate the Marché of the Strings Saturday morning (the 3rd market of France).
    • the Mordelaises doors, châtelet with two turns and drawbridges, border the remainders of the old medieval fortifications of the 3rd century, to the tower Jehan Duchesne of the 15th century, street Nantaise, and the ramparts of the 15th century in the east of the Gallo-Roman fortifications, places Rejoin-of-Baty.
  • Place Holy-Anne (Plasenn Santez-Anna).
    • Notre-Dame Basilica of Good-News, (neo-gothic) built between 1882 and 1904, to replace the Saint-Aubin church.
    • Place of an old hospital of the 14th century.
    • Convent of the Jacobins.
  • the street Saint-Michel, called the “street of Thirst”, coming because of a great number of bars in this street, and its popularity at the time of the evenings coeds.
  • Place Notch.
    • Real art-new built in 1908, by the architect Charles Couasnon.
    • Faculty of Economic scenes of Rennes 1, old Large-Seminar built by the architect Henri Labrouste at the XIXe century.
  • Of the street Saint-Melaine in the Saint-Melaine place.
    • Our-Lady-in-Saint-Melaine Church, pro-cathedral and abbey, with its tower and its Transept of old the Abbey bénédictine of Saint-Melaine (11th century), his Gothic arcades of the 14th century, its frontage with columns of the 17th century, its bell-tower capped with a virgin gilded at the 19th century, broadside of a cloister of the 17th century, buildings claustral, of its abbey Palate (XVIIe century) and of its garden of Thabor.
    • the very beautiful botanical garden, the Park of Thabor (French garden, orangery, greenhouses, basins, rosery, birdcage, swans).
    • the walk of the “Mound with Madam” of the 17th century with its monumental staircase, close to the entry to Thabor, street of Paris.
  • National Street.
    • the cupola of the stores of music and stringed-instrument trade, to the 1 and 3 of the street, built by Laloy, architect of the city to obtain best acoustics.
  • Street Saint-Georges and street Gambetta.
    • Public swimming pool and public baths Saint-Georges (1923 - 1926). Built by the Emmanuel architect Ray and decorated by the mosaïste Isidore Odorico, it was the first heated swimming pool of France.
    • Saint-Georges Palate and his garden, which will accommodate a palate of the congresses in the long term.
  • Place of the Parliament of Brittany (Plasenn Breujoù Breizh).
  • Place of the Town hall (Plasenn Ti Ker).
  • Place of the Vau-Saint-Germain,
    • Saint-Germain Church, built of 1435 to 1570.
    • Footbridge. Saint-Germain, construction of wood and metal of the end of the 20th century to connect the place to the quay Emile Zola.
  • Street of the Field-Jacquet.
  • Street of Corbin.
    • the Hotel of Châteaugiron, XVIe and XVIIIe centuries, General headquarter, PC and Hotel of command of the Military region North-western Ground.
  • Street of the Chapter.
    • the Hotel of Blossac, the XVVIII ième century, Regional management of the Cultural Affairs.
  • Jouaust Crossroads.
    • the Saint-Etienne church, old vault of the convent of Augustins.

In the South of the Unpleasant one

  • the Palate commercial, architect Emmanuel Ray, currently the central post office (mosaic interior: Isidore Odorico).

  • Quay Emile Zola, at the edge of the Unpleasant
  • Street of the Pre-Boot
    • Old buildings of West-Flash, then of Ouest-France, first regional newspaper and national; classified brick frontage red and pink, restored and occupied now by the hotel Mercury.
  • Street Duhamel.
    • large mills, built each side of the southern arms of Unpleasant in 1895 and 1902, connected to each other by a central body spanning the river.
  • Honore-Commeurec Place.
    • central Markets, market hall of 1922, formerly shouted municipal, reconverted partly in contemporary art gallery.
  • the Free fields, new cultural installation (library, museum of Brittany and space of sciences), with the daring architecture of Christian de Portzamparc, located General-of-Gaulle esplanade.
  • Street Saint-Hélier.
    • commercial artery.
    • the National theater of Brittany (TNB) and the Ubu, room of current musics.
  • Place Hyacinthe Perrin.
    • the Holy-Therese church, masterpiece of art déco, built in 1932-1936 by the architect Hyacinthe Perrin and decorated mosaics of Isidore Odorico. The church was devastated by a fire on September 23rd, 2001 and was entirely restored to reopen on December 12th, 2004. Following this restoration, the place of the church, then property of association diocésaine just like the church, was refitted by the City and bears from now on the name of the architect of the building; it was inaugurated on June 30th, 2007.

But too

  • In the North-West:

    • the largest building of Rennes, the Horizons, built in 1970 by the architect Geoges Maillols.
    • locks of the channel of Ille-and-Rancid of 1843.
    • the new district of Beauregard, and monumental sculpture of the alignment of the {{S|XXI|E}}.

  • In the North-East:

    • the Park of Gayeulles with its various flowered ponds of lotus in summer, its skating rink with double track, soon a new swimming pool with a well for initiation with the diving, its shooting range, its tennis, its many grounds of foot, Rugby, etc
  • In the east of the city, street of Paris:
    • two markets of Oberthür printing works, built by Martenot between 1870 and 1895 out of cast iron, brick and schist, reconverted in zone of companies after the repurchase by the City.
    • the Park Oberthür, the second larger public garden of the downtown area.
  • In the south east, close to the station and the saint-Yves private clinic:
    • the old Graff Breweries, whose buildings built in 1927 by the architect Georges Robert Lefort are converted into places privileging the expression of the urban graffiti, in waiting of the construction of a new small district of dwellings and trade.
  • In the south, district of Blosne (Bréquigny):
    • the manor High-Chalais of the 17th century, castle of granite.

Of Rennes famous

Of Rennes of origin

Of Rennes of adoption

  • Etienne Daho arrived in September 1964 at Rennes with his/her parents in the district of Maurepas.
  • François Pinault made his studies in Rennes and founded its first company there. Financor of the Stage Of Rennes Football Club.
  • Etienne Didot: player of the Stage Of Rennes Football Club.
  • Pascal Obispo: singer.
  • Riad Sattouf : author of cartoon, it passed his adolescence to Rennes.

Died in Rennes

Homage paid to the city

Rennes is the town of Jean-Denis Lanjuinais (1753 - 1827), the man who wrote: “The men are born and remain free and equal in rights. The social distinctions have interest only by common utility”.

It is with this same author that one owes the sentence: “The prisons are well more the place where one manufactures the dangerous individuals for their similar that where they are led. ”

Figurehead of the Breton federalists, given adversary of the Capital punishment and the machine to cut the heads, Jean-Denis Lanjuinais was opposed courageously to the setting with dead Monarque of which he had voted the Déchéance. For the same reasons, one saw it later being opposed with same energy, with the setting with died of the marshal Ney.

Rennes is honoured to have known to protect its great man and large outlaw under the Terreur jacobine. The informers of Carrier never located it.

Let us recall that the French revolution emerged in Rennes in December 1788 and January 1789, mainly under the names of Journée of the Trifles and Journée of Cordeliers (26 and January 27th 1789). Those which made it triumph in the streets over Rennes were the pupils of Jean-Denis Lanjuinais at the university School of Right, in the enclosure of current Lycée Emile Zola. Choosing personally the activism of the feather, Jean-Denis Lanjuinais wrote his hand the majority of the Registers of grievances of the Sénéchaussée of Rennes.

Jean Denis Lanjuinais was elected appointed for the Sénéchaussée of Rennes to the General states of 1789, then appointed of Ille-et-Vilaine to the national Convention. In its time, it so known and was appreciated that it was chosen, under the Directoire, by 73 departments, to represent them with the Conseil of Old the. Faithful to his Brittany and his birthplace, Jean-Denis chose without the least hesitation for the Ille-et-Vilaine. It was so known that at that time, Brittany was called the “country of Lanjuinais” in the revolutionary assemblies and post-revolutionists. Jean-Denis Lanjuinais and Jean Leperdit are not there any more but Rennes remains faithful to the spirit of its large sowers of Liberté.

Economy

  • automotive Engineering: factories of Janais with Chartres-of-Brittany (South-western of Rennes) of the group PSA (top-of-the-range pole: C5, C6 and 407), since 1960 and approximately 10.000 paid.
  • Telecommunications and Data-processing; Rennes is the essential part of the Pole of competitiveness " Images and Réseaux" Brittany-Country of the Loire, thanks to the development of the technopolis Rennes Atalante, which accommodates more than 250 companies which employ more than 15.000 paid.
  • Connector industry: sit of Legris Industrie.
  • Press: sit of the newspaper Ouest-France .
  • Agriculture, the city accommodates one of the largest world show devoted to the breeding, the SPACE (Living room of the Livestock productions of the Culture and the breeding - www.space.fr) which accommodates each year, in September, more than 110.000 visitors (quasi exclusively professional, and with an international public).

Rennes is the seat many regional managements and interregional administrative (see paragraph devoted to the administration) or economic:

  • Banks: Banque de France (western regional management), seats of several deprived or co-operative district banks
  • Trade: sit of the Chamber of commerce and industry of Rennes. It manages the Aéroport of Rennes and the river port of Redon, the National college of business of Rennes.
It is also the seat of the Regional court of trade and industry of Brittany.

Transport

See also: Transport and communications in Rennes, Subway of Rennes, Airport of Rennes, Station of Rennes

Rennes is served by a network of fast tracks and railroads; the Gare of Rennes is with 2:05 of Paris in TGV), and will be with 1:20 of the French capital at the time of the startup of the line at high speed Mans - Rennes, envisaged in the middle of the Années 2012.

Rennes also has the Aéroport of Rennes - Saint-Jacob, located at 7 kilometers of the downtown area, in south-west on the commune of Saint-Jacques-of-the-Moor.

A dense network and very attended urban transport and perish-urban, managed by the STAR STAR, by bus and automatic subway (underground and air), facilitates daily displacements (with the chart RFID KorriGo since 2006). It made it possible to solve the clogging of the traffic in downtown area, while extending the pedestrian field.

An underground line makes it possible to move quickly (100 000 voyages/day). A park of bicycles makes it possible to borrow free, for one two hours maximum duration, one of the 200 bicycles distributed out of 25 stations disseminated in the city (service provided by an advertizing company). This service, now widespread in the great agglomerations, was a first at the time of its installation in June 1998 by the equipment supplier Clear Chanel.

Since 2004, the operator of Autopartage City Roul proposes to the inhabitants vehicles in self-service.

Administration

See also: List of the mayors of Rennes

Last mayors of Rennes:

The city is the chief town many local government agencies (community of agglomeration Rennes Métropole, the General advice of Ille-&-Unpleasant, the Conseil Régonal of Brittany) but also the seat of many administrations (public entities) regional or interregional.

  • Justice: Court of Appeal (for the four departments of the Brittany area and the Loire-Atlantique), interregional Brigade of financial investigation, JIRS (interregional jurisdiction specialized for the great west), interregional direction of the prison authorities,
  • Police force and road control: National center of control of the road infringements, CRIR (Regional center of road information), DST (western direction)
  • Armed: Direction of the area north-western Ground, zone of western defense, gendarmerie of the zone of western defense
  • Administration: National center of the Broadcasting royalties, association of the cities of the North-Atlantic arc, Regional court of agriculture, Regional court and territorial of accounts (C.R.T.C.), regional Economic and Social Council (C.E.S.R.), Regional court of trade and industry,…
  • Religion: Sit of the ecclesiastical province catholic Brittany-Country of the Loire (9 dioceses), archbishop's palace and diocese of Rennes.
  • Public services: La Poste (western direction), Weather France (western weather center)
  • State education: Vice-chancellorship of the academy of Rennes (Brittany with four departments covers); School inspectorate of Ille-et-Vilaine, University of Rennes (Rennes I: Right, medicine, sciences and University of High-Brittany (Rennes II: Letters).
  • Public research: CNRS (western direction), INRA, MADE IRIDESCENT, CEMAGREF,…
  • Services of information: AFP (Western direction), France 3 West, INA,…

Rennes is divided into 11 cantons:

Twinnings

The town of Rennes is twinned with 13 towns of other countries, including 7 in Europe:

Education

See also: Higher learning in Rennes

Rennes constitutes the engine of regional development. It benefits from a dynamic economic environment. Regularly quoted at the head of the cities where it makes good things in life : 60000 students chose it to follow their studies (: 59220 students during the academic year 2004 - 2005 and 56.200 in 2005 - 2006). Moreover, Rennes acquired a strategic position in telecommunications thanks to the presence of the 1st European technopolis in the field, Rennes Atalante. City coed, Rennes is equipped with two Université S and several universities (25 on the whole) distributed on several campuses.

In the east is the Campus of Beaulieu, the most important of number of students. It is in particular composed of the Université of Rennes I and gathers establishments of higher education, primarily in sciences and technologies and is next to the Atalante zone Is, which extends on the communes from Cesson-Sévigné and Chantepie.

In the west, the Campus of Villejean, second campus in term of students, is made up mainly of the Université of Rennes II. It is primarily directed towards the field of the letters, social sciences, social sciences, sports but also includes/understands the campus health (medicine, pharmacy, odontology) of the Université of Rennes I. Rennes II is also known like starting point of many social movements and national demonstrations.

In north is the National college of business of Rennes. Excentré in the south-west of the town of Rennes, with Bruz, is the Campus of Ker Lann. It includes/understands mainly private establishments of higher education.

One will also note the presence of other campuses, like that of the Toothing-stone, in the north of Villejean (dependant on Rennes II), like in the center, mainly specialized in economic scenes and right and attached to the Université of Rennes I. Other schools however are installed in downtown area, the such school of the fine arts, Agrocampus Rennes or the Institut of political studies of Rennes.

Moreover, the city counts a great number of colleges and colleges and preparatory schools, draining each day of the pupils and students of all the agglomeration, thanks to the integrated and dense public transport system.

Culture

Many musical artists are originating in Rennes, city often considered as a laboratory of the rock'n'roll. Among these artists, one finds Billy ze kick, Psykick Lyrikah, X Makeena, Strup X, Etienne Daho, DJ Zebra Marquis de Sade, or the Niagara and Shane Cough. Lastly, Pascal Obispo has been Rennais for its 13 years.

The Advisory committee with the Breton identity is created in September 1996, and gathers associative elected officials, representatives and people qualified to try to define and enrich the identity by Rennes, prefecture of the Brittany, through reflections, proposals and actions which develop the Breton Culture. It is chaired by Martial Gabillard, city council man delegated to the Breton cultures. Lena Louarn, Michel Génin is members.

Festivals

Many festivals proceed in Rennes each year:
  • the One Of the Directions (multicultural festival): March
  • Mythos, the festival of the word: April
  • Rock' N Solex (concerts and races of solex): May
  • Eclektik (electronic musics): June
  • Fallen the Night (spectacles of street): June/July
  • Dolly (cinema): October
  • Agrock (music): October
  • Electroni (electronic musics): October
  • Kids (spectacles young person and any public: October
  • the Large Bellows (accordion): October
  • Clearings of Fall (song): November
  • Jazz in the West: November
  • To put in scene (theater and dance): November
  • the Transmusicales (music): December

Live performance and opera

  • National theater of Brittany (TNB)
  • Opera of Rennes
  • the Spangle
  • Theater Lillico
  • Theater of Old St Etienne

Concert halls

Sociocultural animations

  • Night Four Thursdays: Dazibao, Night of the sport, Bar in scene and Thursdays discovered in the MJC of the districts of Rennes.

Media Of Rennes

Heraldic

Photo gallery

Random links:Communes of the Gironde | Joseph-Adolphe Chapleau | Villanueva del Rosario | County of Jump | Xenofón Mántzios