Renaud Jean

Renaud Jean (1887 - 1961) was a leader of the agricultural Syndicalisme of the Inter-war period, and the first communist deputy resulting from the rural world in 1920.

Biography

Born has Samazan (close to Marmande, in Lot-et-Garonne) in 1887 in a modest medium Paysan, it engages very early politically, and is elected in 1918 with the head of the Federation of the Lot-et-Garonne of the socialist party. It becomes in 1920 the first deputy Communiste, in the district of Marmande.

Having acquired a solid reputation based on its engagement in militant actions, inter alia near the Résinier S of the Moors, but also against the seizures against the peasants, it is called " the Powerful orator of the paysans".

It was charged, of 1920 with 1939, within the French Communist party, to determine the relations between the PCF and the country world: The leaders of PCF having especially sat the influence of the party on the working class, which constitutes their social and electoral base, they knew the country world less better and sought to acquire influence there.

Renaud Jean was thus interested much in the question of the agrarian structures, and the question of the land distribution of ownership, and was charged by the party with thinking of the diffusion of an agrarian Communism, but did not manage to reconcile the Marxist doctrines (and its consequences: collectivization and joint exploitation of the grounds, on the Russian model, that it did not wish) and the wishes of the French peasants anchored in other claims and other values, and militant rather for a distribution righter of the ground (and by maintaining the private property) and of its incomes.

Criticized by Trotsky with the beginning of the year 1920, for his positions nonin conformity with the Leninist dogma (in particular during the development of a communist program country, but French, with the congress of Marseilles in 1921), Renaud Jean remains nevertheless essential to PCF because of his competence on the country world.

In 1935, from the point of view of the legislative elections of 1936, PCF adopted its proposals with an aim of attracting the country electorate.

After the victory of the Popular front, PCF chooses not to take share with the government, and Renaud Jean could not ensure the direction of a Ministère of the agriculture for which it was had a presentiment of, but it was nevertheless at the origin of the creation of the Office of the corn, and chaired the agricultural commission of the Room.

From 1940, he was not requested any more by the leading authorities of PCF, and was not invested any more national responsibilities.

Indeed, militant anti Fascistic, on the one hand the signature of the non-aggression pact germano-Soviet in 1939 generated in him a questioning on the policy and the choices of PCF, and left it a little being wary with regard to this last. In addition, arrested and imprisoned in 1940, it chooses not to take share, with its release, the Résistance in which the Communists meanwhile began much, continuation of the Opération Barbarossa, on June 22nd 1941, i.e. the German attack breaking the pact germano-Soviet.

Remaining however a man having gained the respect and the sympathy of the peasants, thanks to its intellectual qualities and morals, there dies out in 1961, having remained communist.

Renaud Jean belonged to this generation of communist deputies who, in the inter-war period, allowed PCF to establish a relation with the country world. Among the seven communist deputies elected officials in 1936, one found, in addition to itself, Auguste Béchard (appointed Ales), André Parsal (appointed Seals), Waldeck Rochet (appointed Nanterre), Jean Duclos (appointed Versailles), Henri Pourtalet (appointed Cannes) and Marius Vazeilles (appointed Ussel).

See too

See also the biography carried out by Gerard Belloin, in 1993, and the publication of a work of max Lagarrigue, Notebooks of a communist deputy (2001).

External bonds

Re-examined rural studies
For the context: Ruralia

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