Regioselectivity
A Chemical reaction is known as régiosélective if one of the reagents reacts preferentially with certain sites of another reagent among several possible, leading preferentially to certain products among several possible.
It is for example the case of the aromatic reaction of polysubstitution électrophile: according to the nature of the first substituent, the second substitution will be done preferentially on certain sites. Thus, the nitration of the Toluène (φ-CH3) will lead to a mixture of isomers ortho (60%), para (37%) and méta (2%), instead of a mixture with isomer ortho 40%, isomer méta 40% and isomer 20% para (statistical distribution) if all the sites were equivalent. This reaction is thus régiosélective .
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