Red Poisson

The red fish or carassin , ( Carassius auratus auratus (Linnaeus, 1758)) is a common animal in the whole world, at the wild state in fresh water, calm and moderate, or domesticated in the Bassin S and the Aquarium S. It is resulting from a kind of carp, the cyprin gilded ( Carassius auratus ).

Origin and history of red fish

The red fish are originating in the rivers, lakes and ponds of China where them domestication is already mentioned into 970 before Jesus Christ. Before the 16th century, only the noble ones raised them. The red fish were particularly venerated under the Dynastie Song (900 av. J. - C.) They first of all were high in rich person bottles of porcelain then in crystal spheres.

Characteristics

Each red varieties of fish has its own characteristics: the telescope, of Japanese origin, has the prominent eyes, those of the spyglass of sky are turned over upwards, etc

Description

The common red fish is the most known variety and which can reach the most impressive sizes (30 to 45 cm). The body is lengthened, the small tail and fins compared to the body. It was with the gilded departure, but it became with the appearance of the breeding in red China, calico, white or black. After several crossings and selections, new varieties were created, like the oranda, the comet, the telescope, the head of lion, the uranoscope… In these cases, the fish can have a tail double even triple, from the outgrowths on the head, a higher dorsal fin, even go away…

Varieties

There exist many varieties known as of “red fish”, here are some:

the Shubunkin : this fish with simple tail has a pretty variegated, red, black, white and bluish color.
the comet : it is about a red fish common to long simple tail.
the Veil of China or Ryukin : recognizable by its long veil on its caudal Nageoire doubles. The ryukin has a body particularly stretched in height, with a break between the head and the body. The veil of China has a finer body.
the Head of Lion or Ranchu : it does not have a dorsal fin and it with the characteristic to have an outgrowth on all the head, being able to make think of a mane Lion. Ranchu, has a less developed outgrowth, a more triangular head to him, and has a back more arched than the head of lion. Its caudal fin is located lower. It is sometimes called " fish-œuf".
the oranda : it has a dorsal fin and has an outgrowth on the top of the head. When this outgrowth recovers also the brachiaux covers, the fish is called “Dutch oranda” or “head of Dutch lion”.
the Bubble Eyes : it has two semi-translucent pockets under the eyes. If these pockets are burst, they cannot be regenerated (or seldom). It is thus about a very fragile species.
the Telescope : its eyes are hypertrophied and can sometimes be asymmetrical.

and the Spyglass of sky, of which the eyes are turned over upwards.

The red and Japanese fish are regarded in France as domestic.

For the red fish fished in Atlantic Canada, to see the Atlantic Rosefish.

Maintenance

They live out of aquarium or basin. They are cool water fish, but they can be maintained at temperatures going of 1°C with 27°C for common red fish (22 °C for the reproduction). For the derived varieties (tail of veil, telescopes, oranda, head of lion, bubble eyes…), which is more delicate, the temperature must be included/understood between 10°C and 26°C. Water must have a rather neutral pH with alkaline (basic) ranging between 6.5 to 8.0, (7.0 for the reproduction) and a hardness of 5°d GH to 15°d GH. These animals need enormously for space, from theirs cuts (at least 20cm for the selected varieties, up to 50 cm for basic red fish). One counts a minimum of space for these fish needing much space stroke… the vats of large volumes are thus OBLIGATORY to thus forget the vats of twenty, fifty liters for these fish preferred a minimum of 200L for three fish red. The aquarium must be equipped with a powerful filtration (approximately 4/5 times total volume per hour). One includes/understands well whereas a " boule" is completely unsuited to a good maintenance. Let us recall that the life expectancy of a red fish is of about thirty year… Those which live sparely in small volumes are reached of nanism and, very often, die prematurely because of their maintenances inappropriate in small vats, for example the ball without filtration and other change of water made to the method " large mère" (one takes fish with the hand one places it in the wash-hand basin, complete cleaning of the tank, the gravel and… hop return of the boarder in its space) you literally destroy the bacteria present in the filter of the vat as in the ground your fish needs these micro-organism those taking part in the denitrification of the medium. If you are caught this way there, it is certain that your pet will hardly live a long time because, if you destroy these bacteria you destroy and to start again what names the cycle of the Nitrogen , period or water becomes harmful for your animal because this water takes care out of harmful matters on a one month amount of time for then becoming " vivable" for a fish of some species that it is besides…

Food

This fish is Omnivore and it is known as “glouton” since it can eat much more than it is not necessary for him, with the risk to be sick. To know which quantity to give them, the rule should be complied with “the good quantity is what can be eaten in one to three minutes”. One can thus adapt the ration according to fish, of their size, their number, their appetite, the temperature, etc

It will be nourished of food of the trade in flakes or granulated, preferably granulated because they run and do not pollute water. To avoid the dried daphnids, they do not have any nutritive interest, and the bread, which inflates in their intestine and can cause serious problems of digestion to them.

It is advised to supplement their menu thanks to poached salad (or any other vegetable: spinach, zucchini…) and of alive and/or frozen food (artemias, red worms of vase, larvae of mosquitos, etc)

Reproduction

In spring, when water reached 17° with 18°C, the red fish is on the point of reproducing. It is advised besides to lower the temperature during the winter if one wishes to try a reproduction.

The male reaches its sexual maturity at 2 years and the female at 3 years. The females are rounder and fuller than the males when arrives the period of abrasion. It is recognized that they are ready to lay because the belly becomes soft. The male in period of laying carries white “buttons of wedding” on the covers.

The reproduction is called “the abrasion”. The fertilized abrasion clings to the plants and maturation can start. In a water of 18 with 20 °C, the alevins leave egg into three to four days. The female deposits its eggs in the content of water so that the male throws sperm above but often before the eggs do not hatch they are eaten by the predatory ones.

They remain at the bottom of water. They nourish initially contents of their nutritive pocket, on the side of the belly. Then they acquire the freestyle and can be nourished of infusoires as of 3 days.

Belief

It is said that the red fish would have only 3 seconds of memory, and that thus they would not be sad in their bottle, this was shown like forgery. The animaleries and Jean-Marie Bigard largely took part to spread this false belief through one of the sketches of its spectacle Of the animals and the men .

Gallery the abrasion

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