Real Academia Española

The Real Academia Española (the Spanish Academy Royal), whose initials are RAE , is an institution whose task consists in standardizing the Spanish language. Its mission, such as defines it the article first its statutes, is to take care that the evolution of the Spanish language, in its constant adaptation to the needs for those which speak it, does not come to break the linguistic unit of the Hispanic world.

Its seat is with Madrid, Spain, but it acts in.liaison.with the national academies of the twenty and one country of Spanish language, including that of the the United States.

History

Its emblem represents a crucible with fire. A legend accompanies it: “, And splendor gives fixes Cleans”. The objective was to fix the language in the state of plenitude which she had known during the XVIe century and which had been firmly established with the XVIIe.

Real Academia Española was founded in 1713 on the initiative of Juan Manuel Fernández Pacheco, marquis de Villena and duke of Escalona, in the intention “ to fix the sounds and the words of the language Castilian in their greater property, elegance and purity ”.

One took as model for his creation, the Italian Accademia della Crusca (1583) and the French Academy (1635). Its creation was approved the October 3rd 1714 by a Royal Promise to pay of Philippe V, which placed it under its “guard and its Royale protection”. That meant that the academicians enjoyed preeminences and the exemptions granted to the officers of the Royal House.

In 1723 60.000 réaux to per annum were granted him for its publications. Ferdinand VI enabled him to publish its works and those of its members without preliminary censure.

In Alcala]], was allowed as honorary academician but, although she had made her speech of thanks, she did not reappear any more. She was probably the first woman academician of the world, and there was of it no other until the election as titular academicians of Carmen Conde in [[1978]], of Elena Quiroga in [[1983]] and of Anna María Matute in [[1995]]. In [[1848]] the Academy its organization by the adoption of some new statutes, approved by royal Décret reformed. Later royal decrees ([[1859]], [[1977]], [[1993]]) approved new reforms. As of [[1870]] were established in America and in Philippines of the corresponding academies of Spanish language. Those currently enjoy a row and conditions equal to those the RAE. In [[2000]] the RAE was rewarded, at the same time as the Association of the Academies of Spanish Language - formed by the 22 academies of Spanish language, by the Price of the Harmony “Prince of Asturies”. [[October 20th]] [[1993]] the Foundation pro Real Academia Española was constituted, organization which has the aim of joining together funds to finance the companies of the Academy. It is managed by a management committee, whose presidency of honor returns to Its Majesty the King of Spain, Don Juan Carlos Ier, the presidency with the governor of the Bank of Spain and the vice-presidency with the director of Real Academia Española. It brings together other academicians, autonomous presidents of communities and private companies, as well as associates founders. The Foundation is open with the help of a financial contribution with the participation of private individuals who are members benefactors. Among the subsidized activities one finds the realization of a data bank, of a Dictionary of the student, a Dictionary panhispanic of the difficult terms; other achievements are in project or development like one [[Grammar]] normative. ==Fonctions== The first article of the statutes of the RAE known as: : “[...] It has for a main mission of taking care that the changes which knows the Spanish Language, in its constant adaptation to the needs for its speakers, do not break the essential unit that it maintains in everyone Spanish-speaking. It must also take care which this evolution does not deteriorate the clean character of the language, as it went consolidating itself during the centuries, as it must take care to establish and make known the criteria of property and correction in order to take part in its splendor. To achieve this goal, she will study and push the studies of Spanish in the history and currently, will make known the texts literary, especially the traditional ones, and nonthe arts persons whom she will consider important for the knowledge of these questions and will try to maintain living the memory of those which, in Spain or America, cultivated glorieusement our language. Like member of the Association of the Academies of the Spanish Language, it will maintain relations special with the Corresponding and Associated Academies. ” The RAE is frequently regarded as a preserving organization, since among its goals the safeguarding of the Spanish language appears. However it does not fail either to exert a progressist influence, while making an effort in maintaining the language supported of connection with the topicality. An example arrived from there in 1994 when it decided that the groups of consonants “CH” and “L” would not be considered any more as in the past as particular letters of the alphabet but like groups of two letters. The RAE follows a process well fixed for acceptance of new words. ==Organization and action== According to its statutes the RAE is composed by: * titular academicians (46 on the whole). * Spanish corresponding academicians (until a maximum of 60). * foreign corresponding academicians. * titular academicians of American academies (which are of right corresponding academicians). * honorary academicians. A Board of directors directs the Academy and supervises all the subjects relative to his good walk, as well with regard to his inner working as in his relationships to the organizations of State and the other Academies. The director of the Academy chairs this council, make up by the vice-director, the secretary, the critic, the librarian, the treasurer, the vice-secretary and two members assistant. All these functions are elective and, except for the members, who are elected every two years, can be exerted during four years and are renewable only once. The Academy functions in plenary session and in commissions which meet each week. The Commissions have the role of working out the proposals which will be examined thereafter in plenary session to decide on their approval. The following commissions exist currently, devoted to the plenary sessions, the usual Dictionary, the historical Dictionary, Grammar, linguistic Information, the scientific and technical Vocabulary, the Social sciences, the Publications and the Prices. In addition, there exists a Commission responsible for the conservation of the house of the Museum Lope de Vega. The full Session, formed by all the academicians, meets during at an academic sitting Thursdays afternoon. Once the acts of the preceding meeting were approved and that general subjects were discussed, the members present amendments and additions to the Dictionary. Then the examination comes from the proposals formulated by the various Commissions. If a dissension occurs on the criteria, the resolutions are adopted by vote. To assist the tasks whose Academy is occupied in plenary session or, an Institute of Lexicography, composed philologists and lexicographers, completes preliminary works for the development of the academic dictionaries. == Voir also == {{Wikisource Enc|The Encyclopedia (vol. 1) - ACA#L' ROYAL ACADEMY of Spain|Royal academy of Spain|Denis Diderot}} ==Lien externe== * {{be}} [http://www.rae.es/ Official site] {{Multi stringcourse|Spain gate|linguistic gate}} [[Category: Spanish language]] [[Category: Spanish academy|Real Academia Española]] [[Ca: Real Academia Española]] [[of: Real Academia Española]] [[in: Real Academia Española]] [[eo: Real Academia Española]] [[be: Real Academia Española]] [[gl: Real Academia Española]] [[hu: Spanyol Királyi Akadémia]] [[it: Real Academia Española]] [[it: Regia Academia Hispanica]] [[nl: Real Academia Española]] [[No: Real Academia Española]] [[ro: Real Academia Española]] [[Sr: Шпанскакраљевскаакадемија]] [[sv: Real Academia Española

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