Ramat-Rachel

Ramat-Rachel ( רמתרחל ) is a Kibboutz located at the South of Jerusalem, in direction of Bethlehem. It is founded by in 1921 by members of the Gdoud Haavoda, workers out of building. The name of the kibbutz ( the height of Rachel ) comes from its proximity from with the Tombeau of Rachel.

The first times, for lack of grounds available, Ramat-Rachel saw activity of a laundry and a bakery. At the time of the events of 1929, the kibbutz is attacked and destroyed. It is rebuilt one year later. Ramat-Rachel is again attacked in 1936 and 1939, but succeeds in this time retaining the attack.

At the time of the Israeli-Arab War of 1948, from May 21st to 25th 1948, the Egyptian army attacks the kibbutz of face, and this last spends several times of one camp to the other. It will be entirely destroyed during this same war. With the independence of the State of Israel, Ramat-Rachel is again rebuilt and the grounds placed at its disposal are increased. Until the War the Six Day old, the kibbutz is encircled by the border by three on its sides.

At the time of a dispute in 1956, soldiers of the Arab Légion of Jordan shoot at the participants from an archaeological conference about the excavations undertaken on the spot, and kill four people.

The archaeological excavations updated the vestiges of the palate of one of the kings of the dynasty of Judaea. One also discovers there vestiges of the times Persian, hellenistic and Roman.

During the Byzantine period, a monastery and a church are built on the spot and recall the passage of Marie in way towards Bethlehem.

Kibbutz Ramat-Rachel one can observe the panorama on Bethlehem, Hérodion, the Désert of Judaea and Jerusalem.

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