Radiochemistry
The radiochemistry uses the Radioactivité to study ordinary chemical reactions. All the unstable Isotope S of the elements undergo a radioactive degradation and emit radiations (these isotopes are called radioisotopes ). Emitted radiation can be of 3 types: Alpha, Beta or Gamma
1. Radiation α (alpha) - the emission of a particle alpha (which contains 2 protons and 2 neutrons) core of an atom. When that occurs, the Atomic mass of the atom decreases by 4 and the Atomic number decreases by 2.
2. Radiation β (beta) - change of a neutron in an electron and a proton. After that occurred, the electron is emitted core towards the electronic cloud.
3. Radiation gamma - the emission of an electromagnetic energy (commes the X-rays) of the core of an atom. That generally occurs during a radioactive degradation of alpha type or beta.
These three types of radiations can be distinguished by their power from respective penetration.
Radiations alpha can easily be stopped by a few centimetres of air or paper. Radiations beta can be stopped by an aluminum foil of a few millimetres thickness. Radiations gamma are most penetrating and require a great thickness of Plomb (Pb) to reduce its intensity.
Radiochemistry is the part of the Science which analyzes these reactions based on radioactive emanations. Radiochemistry also includes/understands the production of Radioisotope S and their compounds resulting from the treatment of natural materials or men exposed to atomic radiation having radioactive attributes.
Radiochemistry approaches the nuclear Chemistry, with these applications of chemical techniques to the nuclear studies and these applications of radioactivity to the problems Chimique S and biochemical.
There are many natural substances which contain elements radioactive in meaning quantity. It is the case of the Uranium (U), of the Radium (Ra) and of the Thorium (Th).
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