Radio operator Prague

Radio operator Prague (In Czech: Český rozhlas 7 - Radio operator Praha ) is the international broadcasting station of the Czech Republic. Created in 1936, it diffuses in six languages: the Czech , the French, the English, the Spanish , the German , the Russian . It diffuses by the means of the Short waves, the satellite and Internet.

History

Origins

In the Années 1920 is born Radiojournal (Radiožurnál), a private radio station whose capital is held mainly by the Radioslava company. In 1925 the State becomes majority in the capital of Radiojournal. Creation the same year of a concurrent station having a powerful transmitter pushes Radiojournal to be emitted towards the foreigner. The following year of the programs and the English conferences, in German French then are diffused Thursday evening. At the same time an intended program with the Czechoslovakian expatriates starts to be diffused Wednesday evening. During the Années 1930 the international stations make true great strides, in particular in the fascistic countries. The Czechoslovakian ministry of the foreign affairs then decides to set up emissions in short waves intended abroad.

Beginnings: 1936-1939

Two transmitters, Marconi and a SWB 9/30 of 34kW, are installed between 1935 and 1936 in the station of Podebrady. The tests begin the July 24th 1936 then the regular emissions begin the July 24th same year. The station is announced then by this code: " Czechoslovakian station short waves, Prague". This service then aims the citizens of the foreign countries like the Czechoslovakian expatriates. In the first months the radio diffuses six hours per day. From the September 13rd 1936 a reorganization shares the programs between the daily programs intended for Europe (of 20:25 to 22:30) and those reserved for North America (from 3 to 5 o'clock in the morning Tuesday and Fridays). This same day of the news bulletins start to be diffused. Moreover of the programs of Radiojournal are diffused by this same service. Programs emitted towards the Close relation and the the Middle East make their appearance. In May 1937 the transmitter short waves of Podbrady passes from an experimental operation to a regular operation. In 1937 the emissions towards America are done in English, Spanish, ruthin, Slovak and Czech, while those intended for Europe take place in English, German, French, Czech and Slovak, and occasionally in Russian, Italian, Flemish and Rumanian. The radio news do not represent whereas 15% of volume, the literary conferences 5%, emissions and the press reviews 5% also, while the music constitutes the remainder. 1938 sees the intensifying of the control of the State on the service external of Radiojournal. The acquisition of Sudètes by Germany involves an increase in the quantity of programs diffused, up to 19 hours per days in 1938, including 3 hours of information and 14 hours of music. New languages are diffused regularly: Italian, Portuguese, Rumanian and Serbo-Croat, in addition to Czech, Slovak, English, German, French, rutin, Spanish. For more effectiveness the emissions in short waves amalgamate with the station Prague II. Following the loss of the transmitters located in the areas bordering and at independence on Slovakia, Radiojournal of comes Radio Czechoslovakia.

Occupation: 1939-1945

The March 15th 1939 German invade the Czechoslovakia. Re-elected Rundfunk Böhmen und Mähren, the national radio is integrated into that of IIIe Reich and diffuses nothing any more but two hours per day in direction of the North America. The majority of the writers and the announcers from go away.

Post-war period: 1945 - 1948

At the end of the war the station takes again a normal activity. It is indicated by several names: Station Prague , Here Prague - Czechoslovakia , You listen to Prague . It diffuses in English, Czech, German, French, and Italian. In 1946 it knows a strong expansion, so that at the beginning of 1947 it speaks in 18 languages: Bulgarian, French, Serbo-croatian, sobème, sorabe, German, Polish, Russian, Rumanian, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Spanish, Italian, English, Esperanto, Czech and Slovak. It diffuses 6,7 hours per day then, then 7,9 the following year. A central drafting is created, which prepares Czech comments which are then translated to be diffused. Half as of these emissions are intended for the countries of the Soviet block. 90% of the programs are not spoken emissions, the music not occupying any more but one reduced place. As regards the contents, it is favorable to Communism.

A radio under communist control: 1948 - 1965

The national radio passes between the hands of the Communists at the time of the political crisis of February 1948. In April it is nationalized, and during the summer the external service amalgamates with the drafting of the political newses to confer a single political line within the national or international emissions. The station has two objectives then: to spread socialism in the capitalist countries and to reinforce the bonds with the other countries of the Soviet block. In 1952 a reform inspired of the Soviet Union gives its autonomy to the external service. A central drafting writes the Czech texts while those in foreign languages and that of the International cooperation write those intended Ã the foreigner. Soon Arabic and Portuguese appear. In 1949 the external service diffuses 10 hours per day. In the Years 1950 and 1960 of the clandestine emissions in French (This evening in France) and in Italian (Oggi in Italia). Finally the material is modernized: in 1949 a transmitter short waves is built in Velké Kostolany (operational in 1956), and a broadcast transmitting station is opened in Litomsyl in 1955.

From 1960 the Czechoslovakian radio is under the direct supervision of the central committee of the Communist party. This expansion is also marked by the lengthening of the duration of the emissions and by the arrival of new headings. Finally in 1965 the station is organized in three units: emissions towards the capitalist countries, those towards the socialist countries, and the central drafting. The latter produces the Czech programs like the news bulletins or the comments, which are then translated in the other languages.

One period of opening: 1965-1968

Second half of the Années 1960 is marked by a greater flexibility on behalf of the censure, which is abolished in 1968. During the consecutive Soviet invasion in Spring of Prague the station continues to emit clandestinely until the September 9th, date of the withdrawal of the Soviet troops. The regular emissions begin again on this same date.

Standardization: 1968 - 1989

With the period known as of standardization which sounds the return to a strict Communism, the station does not have any room for maneuver. From the Years 1970 the name more used to indicate the station is Radio Prague . Between 1968 and 1970 the station knows important changes. The employees who compromised themselves at the time of the spring of Prague are gradually isolated: on 350 employees 150 leave. Moreover centralization of management is reinforced. In 1972 the Interprogram one is created. They are programs intended for Europe Western composed 5 hours of music cut all the fifteen minutes by programs of information in Czech, Slovak, English, French, German, then later Russian. In the years 1970 diffused volume increases, spending 29 hours per day in 1970 to 37 in 1978. In 1981 a Polish section is created to counter the movement Solidarnosc.

Post-war period cold

In 1989 the Czech Communist regime falls, as in the remainder of the Central Europe. The journalists are then free to express themselves. But from April 1st to May 7th 1990 the station ceases emitting because the statute of its emissions is indefinite and that its financial means, technical and human is decreased. Several languages are given up and the weakened central draftings. In spring 1990 several transmitters are stopped and their decreased power. In 1992 the Interprogram one is stopped while the central draftings disappear. From this date Radio Prague covers nothing any more but the national topicality. A law of the same year makes to Czechoslovakian Radio an public institution whose Council in charge of the monitoring is elected by the Parlement. In 1993 Radio Prague gains his autonomy. In 2000 the Russian emissions are launched.

Financing

The station is financed by a State grant allotted by the means of the office of the government of the Czech republic of 1993 to 1996, then by the Ministry for Foreign Affairs starting from 1997. The budget rose to 90 million crowns in 1993, 45 million in 1997, and 62 million in 2000 (either 1,5 million American dollars).

Diffusion

Radio Prague diffuses through all planet. As regards the Short waves the English and Czech emissions have a world cover, those in Spanish are intended for Europe of South-west, in the Latin America and the Caribbean, those in French in Western Europe, Western North and North Africa and North America, those in German in Europe and those in Russian in Eastern Europe and Asia of South-west. In Frequency modulation only English is diffused, for Prague and Eastern Bohemia. Radio Prague is also diffused in English by World Radio Network, and in German and English by Digitale World Radio towards the Central and south-Eastern Europe, Switzerland, Italy and Is France. It is also audible by Internet.

Headings

In French:

the Czech Republic with the daily newspaper: on the culture and the Czech company. Some emissions: Racism as a Czech Republic (October 2nd, 2001), banks food, new form of assistance to the poor as a Czech Republic (February 7th, 2006), the Alliance Fran1caise of Ceske Budejovice, center of the francophonie in Bohemia of the south (February 20th, 2007).
Chapters of the History: heading devoted to the history of the country. Some emissions: Venceslas saint - owner of the Czech countries (September 28th, 2000), Lidice, on June 10th, 1942… (June 15th, 2005), In the shade of Moscow (1948-1989) (September 20th, 2006), the Czech political thought vis-a-vis the rise of the extremism (February 14th, 2007).
the mirror of the company: on the Czech company. Does the business of the caricatures in the light of the Czech press (February 16th, 2006), have when the true debate as a Czech Republic on the European Constitution? (February 1st, 2007).
Economy/Trade: heading devoted to the economy of the country: Delocalizations as a Czech Republic: a medal with several faces (January 26th, 2007)
Czech of the end of the language: devoted to discovered Czech language.

In English

Insight. Exchange Europe: magazine devoted to the Central Europe, coproduit by Radio operator Prague, Radio Austria International, Radio Slovakia international, Radio Poland, Radio Budapest and Radio Slovenia International
Czech Books: about the Czech literature.
Letter from Prague: daily life in Prague

In German

Spaziergang durch Prag: magazine devoted to the places little known of Prague.
Im spiegel DER medien: about the media as a Czech Republic.

In Spanish:

LED totalismo in Democracia: on the phase of transition leading from the communist period to the democracy in the country. Example: Privatizations (from October 21st, 2006 to November 11th, 2006).

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