Radboud (bishop)

Radboud (circa 850 - Ootmarsum, November 29th, 917) is old a bishop of Utrecht of 899 with 917. Its festival is the November 29th and the June 25th one commemorates the translation of his body.

Its life

Radboud was born about the middle from IXe century from an important franque family from the area from Namur.
Sa mother of Friesian origin went down from the king clippings Radboud (death in 719).
Radboud begins its studies under the guard of his/her maternal uncle Gunthar (Günther), Archevêque of Cologne 850 - 1863. After 863, Radboud studies at the school of the court of the king west-franc Charles the Bald person (843-877), and becomes vicar of this king. After the death of the king, it is probably made monk Benedictine with the monastery of Saint Martin's day to Tours. With the permission of the emperor Arnulf de Carinthie (887-899), Radboud is selected bishop of Utrecht in 899. Utrecht having been devastated by the Vikings, Radboud, like his predecessor, sits at Deventer.

The bishop

As bishop, Radboud was the representative of the capacity be-franc of the Netherlands of North, then possession of the Duché of Lorraine. When in 911 this Duchy passes to the hands of the Kingdom west-franc, Radboud cannot choose well between the former king and the new one and he writes critical notes on the political role of the bishops. Towards 914 - 915 it goes to Rome to make arbitrate by the Pape Jean X (914-928) a conflict with count Meginhard van Hamaland.

Radboud preparing the return of the seat to Utrecht, dies before carrying out this project. It is buried in the Grande or Lebuïnuskerk of Deventer. It had named itself its successor Balderik. During the the Middle Ages, the veneration of Radboud was limited to évêché of Utrecht.

Its writings

One inpute with Radboud (not always with certainty) some minor writings, especially of the Lives of saints in prose or poetry: life of the Anglo-Saxon missionaries Boniface (in prose), Suitbert and Lebuïnus (sermons and towards); then sermons on the Amalberga virgin, (VIIe-VIII {E}} century) and Servaas de Tongeren, bishop of Maastricht. He wrote books of poetry on Martin de Tours, owner of the monastery of Turns and owner of Utrecht. One kept of him one secular writing, the poem Of hirundine ( the swallow ). Perhaps this poem goes back to its time of student and it could be the oldest poem of the Netherlands.

The life of Radboud is known chronicles, acts and of its own writings, but also of a Life of the Saint, probably written between 962 and 975 by a canon of Utrecht. According to this Life, Radboud would have composed of the hymns, which were not safeguarded.

Patron saint

With the Netherlands, Radboud is the owner of the scientific research Catholique. In 1905 has is created the Saint-Radboud Foundation, the purpose of which is stimulation of university catholic teaching in the Netherlands and in particular the foundation of a catholic university. The Catholic University of Nimègue was open in 1923; this one opens in 1956 the Saint-Radboud Hospital. To express the organic unit with the hospital, the university adopts at September 1st 2004 the name of Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen .

Literature

F. Rädle, " Bischof Radbod von Utrecht", Die deutsche Literatur of Mittelalters: Verfasserlexikon, 2nd ED., DLL. 7:962 - 965 (puts overzicht van Radbouds geschriften in uitgaven daarvan)
B. Ahlers, Die ältere Fassung der Vita Radbodi (Frankfurt-Bern, 1976)
Mr. Carasso-Kok, Repertorium van verhalende historische bronnen uit of Middeleeuwen (Den Haag, 1981); kritisch overzicht van aan Radboud toegeschreven werken (nrs. 8,18,52,53,62,80,88,89,352) in van of heiligenlevens over Radboud (NR. 75)
Vita Radbodi/Het leven van Radboud, toegelicht, bezorgd in vertaald door Peter Nissen as a Vincent Hunink (Nijmegen 2004)
A.G. Weiler, " Sint Radboud, bisschop van Utrecht (Deventer) van 899/900 early 917. Pastor, geleerde, historicus, dichter in componist" , Trajecta, tijdschrift voor geschiedenis van het katholiek leven in Nederland 12 (2003) 97-115
Rene Veenman, " Radbouds Over of zwaluw" , in: Madoc 19 (2005) 194-203

Sources

het Museum van of Vaderlandse Geschiedenis (permission under obligation of reference)