Queer

Origin

The origins of the movement queer are multiple. The gay movement and Lesbian, seeming perhaps closer to the queers, provided neither the theoretical antecedents nor the model of an engagement Politique. It is possible to say that the movement queer comes from the Théorie queer, and this one is the heiress of the Féminisme.

In 1969, in a bar called Stonewall Inn with New York, riots burst, response of the gay customers and Lesbienne with their arrest by the police force. The cause of this missed arrest was a Loi which prohibited the port of the men's wears by a person of the Female sex or ladies' garments by a male person. These riots, whose birthday is celebrated annually under the name of Gay Pride , mark the birth of the gay movement and lesbian.

One of the priority goals of this new movement related to the suppression of the Homosexualité as a Maladie of the Manuel Diagnosis and Statistics of the mental disorders (DSM), which provides the final Nosologie of the American Association of psychiatry (APA). The question of the medical statute dominated the homosexual identity since the 19th century, and was the decisive element in the design of homosexuality as a category. However the shame of homosexuality always worked inside this identity. With the elimination of the official Classification of Perversion by the APA, the “outing” became one of the dominating features of the new homosexuality. The practice to make a Coming out constitutes a identity Revendication, that other movements based on the identity do not divide.

Contrary to the Feminism or the movements of the racial and ethnic groups, homosexuality is based on a practice and has few characteristics which are marked obviously on the body. With the prevalence of the coming out and thus the recognizable presence of homosexual, the Homosexualité became a identity based as much (even more) on the Discursivité and the Comportement that on the practice of the homosexual acts.

Another difference between these movements and the movement LGBT is that it did not have of precedent at the 19th century. It was thus necessary for the gay militants and lesbians to choose a model for their new movement, and the recent success of the black militants was very convincing.

Even if the queers are in general closer to the gays and lesbians that feminist, the ideological roots of the Théorie queer are well in the American Féminisme of the Années 1980. Before this date, feminism, like other similar movements, hoped that the social Progrès would come by a change from legislation. The arguments for the passage of legislations progressists perpetually made the comparison between the Minority group in question and the universal Citoyen, i.e. the rich and white man. Whatever the reason, several movements started after the Années 1970 to dispute this image of the universal citizen, and to develop their clean Agency (this word resist an easy translation and often get busy in theory queer. More often it remains not-translates, or results in “the capacity or the possibility of acting” as a Sujet). This tendency (notably postmodernist) caused a larger rupture still between the Homme and the Femme, and essentialisé what constituted the female one. This tendency especially shows in Mystical The Feminine of Betty Friedan, chief of the National organization of the women (NOW), which was criticized besides because he ignored all the population of the women who were not white or of an easy social class.

This wave of feminism was thus located in the notion of the difference: either the difference between the men and the women, or conceptualization of the subject and the object of several social phenomena (the Speech, the Art, the Marriage,…). However this radical movement of the second vagueness of feminism was disturbed by two phenomena Idéologique S, and both were articulated with the questions of Sexualité and kind.

The first related to the “Sex Wars,” which divided the theoricians and militant feminist on the role of the Pornographie in the Oppression of the women.

The other crack, the “Lavender Threatens”, related to the presence of lesbians in the rows of feminists. As the enemies of feminism often used (and use still) the “lesbian baiting” (the Harcèlement (homophobic) of the feminists, which tried to reduce what they said by showing them to be lesbians) against the feminist arguments, large a part of militant showed their clean Homophobie while hesitating to acknowledge that some among them were many lesbians. The lesbians of “Lavender Menace” noted that they were more feminist thanks to their distance from the men, while the hétérosexuelles feminists challenged this argument, saying that the roles butch and woman of the lesbians make only singer the Mariage Hétérosexuel.

The Homophobie prévalente of the second vagueness, its concentration on the sexual practices, and especially the division which it generated, gave birth to the theory queer with the beginning from the Années 1990.

Emission

Although not having any bond with the Queer theory, an emission diffused by TF1 bore this name ( Queer, five experts in the wind ). A group of young men, expert in various fields (gastronomy, decoration, mode, etc) transformed the life presented like sad of certain French.

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