Quantum optic

The quantum optic is the common branch of the quantum Mécanique and the Optique. She reformulates the undulatory Optique in quantum terms. As follows:

it hitherto a41dernier $c-b1, e,10 $c-b26 ce $c-b16 $c-b43, bn,84 explains certain phenomena misunderstood (the such photoelectric Effet);
it makes it possible to imagine others of them (the laser effect for example);
it extends its field to other objects (like the electrons).

The founders of the quantum optic are Niels Bohr and Albert Einstein.

Within the framework of the quantum optic , the light is regarded as composed of Photon S , objects quantum which behave:

like corpuscles in their interactions with the matter,
and like waves for their propagation.

The description of the dynamics of the photons raises of quantum mechanics their movement is thus " décrit" using probabilities of presence in a given point.

The first to call upon this concept of photon was Einstein to explain the characteristics of the photoelectric Effet.

It was still Einstein which introduced a third elementary mechanism of interaction of the photons with the matter, beside the absorption and of the spontaneous emission : the induced emission , which is at the base of the laser effect. The lasers opened the way with the Holographie, another application of the quantum optic .

Louis de Broglie then predicted in its Wave mechanics, that, since the light behaved like a particle in its relationship with the matter, conversely, the material particles were to behave like waves (matter waves) in their propagation. That was proven by Davisson and Germer in 1927 in their experiment of diffraction of the electrons. The electrons, like the photons, thus concern the laws of the quantum optic . The electronic microscopy, is thus an application.

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