Qataban

Ancient Yéménique kingdom centered around Tymna.

It establishes its domination in front V°s J.C after a violent period of war and of instability. The Kingdom of Sheba, of Qataban, Hand and Hadramaout fight the ones against the others to sit their dominations on the area. Finally, it is the Qataban Kingdom which carried it and melted a hegemony which lasted of -500 with -110 front J. - C.

During the Qataban era, artistic period of apogee for the Yemen, a new currency is manufactured in the middle of front IV°s J. - C. That tends to show the vitality of the caravaneers commercial exchanges between the Yemen and the whole of the Arabic peninsula. But the power of Qataban must compose with the other certainly fixed but relatively autonomous kingdoms and which maintain the complex relations between them. That prevent them from facing with external dangers effectively. Thus, towards -200 front J.C, the kingdom of Haram is destroyed by the invasion of several Arab tribes, in particular that of Amîr. These tribes, which will quickly be subjected under the supervision sabéenne, impose new worships as the principal temple of Haram shows it in which the worship of Matabnatiyân is replaced by that of Halfân, divinity of the newcomers. Qataban hardly seems to have had to be able to prevent this invasion.

Its Empire étiole little by little and at the beginning of Ier century before J.C, its empire is overcome by the Royaume of Sheba. As for Qataban, it sinks and bursts with the secession of Himyar in -110 which supplants it and puts an end to its hegemony. It will be Hadramaout which will establish its domination on the area. Thereafter, Hadramaout will definitively destroy in 175 Qataban.

See History of Yemen

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