Public transport of Toulouse

The public transport Tisséo cover 84 communes of the Toulouse agglomeration and allow approximately 290.000 displacements per day.

Organization

History

April 12th 1863 is brought into service the first lines of Omnibus (drunk with animal haulage) of the town of Toulouse. The network is composed of three lines:

Line 1: Saint-Cyprien - Capitole - Station Matabiau
Line 2: Saint-Michel - Capitole - Station Matabiau
Line 3: Barracks - Tiny - Boulevards - Station Matabiau

In 1906, the first line of Tramway electric of Jeumont type is open. From 1930 to 1940, great work of installations of rails makes it possible to improve and extend the tram. In 1948, the municipality tries to replace the tram by the Trolleybus, but it is a failure. And in 1957, the tram is abandoned with the profit of bus (the SC10 arrives 10 years later) and of the expansion of the use of the cars. Corridors of bus are built in 1970 to mitigate the first problems of circulation.

In 1984, the SMTC approves the construction of two underground lines, in front of being finished both from here 1996. June 26th 1993 is inaugurated the line has, which extended at this time there from Basso-Cambo until Jolimont. The building work of the line B begins in 2001, whereas the prolongation of the line has is course. September 21st, 2001, the bus depot of Langlade is completely destroyed by the Explosion of factory AZF. The big cities of France like Paris, Lyon, Montpellier, Bordeaux and Clermont-Ferrand lend or give many buses to repair the town of Toulouse. In 2002, the mark " Tisseo" appears on all new GX317 GNV. In 2003, the line has is prolonged of three additional stations until Balma-Gramont, station located at horse on the communes of Toulouse and Balma.

January 1st 2005, the exploitation of the network is delegated to Connex (Veolia Transport), but on January 1st 2006 is created a control of public service, which takes the name of " Tisseo Network urbain" to exploit the network. The line B of the subway is brought into service on June 30th 2007.

Tisseo, that are aquò?

Since 2004, all the companies concerning the public transport of the agglomeration are gathered under the mark Tisséo.

The organizing authority is Tisséo - SMTC. It is trade-union mixed one which joins together the Communauté of agglomeration of Large Toulouse, the community of agglomeration of the Sicoval as well as the SITPRT. The network is exploited in its quasi totality by the Tisséo control - Urban network, via a contract of Public service delegation. To note however that certain lines such as transport with the request, shuttles 107 and 108 as well as the taxibus are operated by privately held companies.

The majority of major work were allotted to Tisseo - SMAT (Socitété of the Subway of the Toulouse Agglomeration): the line has, the prolongation of the line has, the line B, the line E, the exclusive rights of way for bus, what involved remarks of the regional court of the accounts|date= May 9th, 2007 .

Plan of Urban Displacements

The first PDU of the Toulouse agglomeration was set up in May 2001. It was immediately put in revision (as of June) at the request of the Prefect, considering that it had reduction objectives of too weak circulation and atmospheric pollution. This PDU envisaged inter alia things:

the prolongation of the line has to the doors of the commune of Balma,
the creation of the line B, North-South axis,
the construction of new urban boulevards, the such Way of the Channel St Martory (road + exclusive right of way) or the Junction Is (road only), the refitting of Palays (enormous road exchanger in the south of Toulouse), and many other road projects,
the construction of new exclusive rights of way in addition to the current roadway system (RN113, Balma - Quint, Toulouse - Castelginest…),
the construction of a tram of the Arenas with Beauzelle with a branch towards the airport of Toulouse-Blagnac.

In 2007, whereas this PDU should already have been revised, decision of the prefect concerning his weakness or not (since a PDU must be revised every 5 years), the large majority of these projects is seriously late.

In 2004 circulated of the copies of a version of work of a new PDU. That Ci envisaged like great innovation two tram lines, serving the suburbs and crossing in the center town: the line E was to be prolonged towards St Orens (North-western axis - South-east), and a new line was to go from Tournefeuille until the Union (North-eastern South-western axis).

Political wars around the management style

Since 1974, public transport under the aegis of the SMTC (he even creates the same year) is managed by Semvat (Société of Mixed economy of the travellers of the Toulouse agglomeration of Public Transport).

In December 2004, the exploitation of the network is entrusted to the company Connex via a temporary contract, it is preferred in Semvat for the saving in money which it should involve. The service is hardly disturbed but a conflict bursts between the various members of the SMTC: the general advice mainly on the left which reject this management style and the Community of Agglomeration of Large Toulouse which supports it.

Finally after a one year period to the exacerbated political postures and following a new vote within the SMTC, votes which was to appoint the new manager for one seven years duration as envisaged initially, the decision is taken on November 17th, 2005 to exploit the network by a governed : Tisséo Network - Urbain plays this part since the first January 2006.

The change of the public service delegation towards the control was not done without clashes in the perception which the user of the network can have. Indeed, the strikes multiplied, and the minor technical incidents (bringing to the suppression of services of bus) also. These arguments could be used a time for the opponents of the control to show his inefficiency. But concerning the strikes it seems that Connex distorted the charts at the time when it managed the network while seeking to avoid the conflicts in seeking the trade-union effectiveness; and that the presidency of the SMTC was politically favorable to these strikes. And for the mechanical breakdowns, the control has an additional difficulty compared to a company appraisal: it must pass by a rather long procedure of market public (up to 6 months), which explains the shortage of materials and thus the buses stopped during the first months which followed the installation of the control.

But it is not finished. January 5th, 2006 an amendment (Article 53) with the Relative law with the safety and the development of transport, therefore Jean-Luc Moudenc will recognize being the instigator, is voted in an almost empty hemicycle. This new article imposes on the public corporations answering certain criteria (which make that this amendment will apply only to the Toulouse SMTC…) to have in its trade union counsel a majority of the vote granted to the Community of Agglomeration, whereas front, Large Toulouse and the General advice had an equality of voice (and financings), which had made it possible to pass from Connex to the Control. The General advice, not agreeing to sit in an assembly or it would have brought financings as front as many but where it would have less weight preferred to leave the Mixed trade-union (which is not more mixed maintaining considering than there are only intercommunalities of represented). As its subsidy is not integrated any more into the operational budget of the SMTC, this last is found confronted with financial problems.

Network and territory

The grid system of Tisséo is currently composed of two underground lines (line has and line B), 74 lines of bus, and some lines to the request. The second line of the subway, the line B, was open the June 30th 2007. Part of a line of train in the west of the agglomeration (line C) is integrated into the Tisséo network: one can borrow it with a ticket of bus/subway.

A line of tram in the western northern suburbs should be finished from here 2010 (line E). Some projects of exclusive rights of way for bus are in hand in many places of the agglomeration.

The frequentation of the network is distributed as follows: 167.000 voyages per day on the subway (line A) and 199.000 voyages per day on the network of subway, figures 2004.

A star shaped network

All in all, the network is organized in a radial way. That it is question of the subway, the tram or the convergent bus, much of lines of the suburbs towards the center. It is difficult to make ways of suburbs with suburbs or even from suburb to suburb without passing by the center town. However, Toulouse agglomeration being particularly sectorisée, and much of commercial and industrial sectors being along the by-pass and of the fast tracks of suburbs.

Nevertheless there exist lines of buses which carry out tangent courses. Except particular line 1, making the turn of the boulevards encircling the ultracentre, one indicates line 19 (Raynal - Moscow), line 21 (Basso-Cambo - Colomiers), line 37 (Jolimont - Terasse), line 51 (Balma-Gramont - Rangueil) and some others; but which remains relatively close to the center town compared to the spreading out of the agglomeration.

To note the opening of the line B in July 2007 and the installation of the line of bus 27 connecting the districts of the suburbs East (Grape - Matabiau - Busca - Rangueil), and of the prolongation of line 34 passer by rather in the south of the center (Arenas - Cross of Pierre - Woodpigeon - Récollets - Rangueil). However, these lines remain very close to the center (100% in the territory of Toulouse), and no creation of suburban line to suburbs is with the day order.

A rather weak frequentation of public transport

35% of Toulouse affirm to take transport in commun runs each day and 60% affirm to frequently use them. However, the share of transport in the agglomeration accounts for only 8% of daily displacements. Nevertheless, with the opening of the line B of the subway, this frequentation pourait being increased up to 20%.

Thus, according to the estimates, the line has would become one of the provincial lines most attended with approximately 230.000 daily passengers, and the line B would transport approximately 150.000 from there. However, lack of heavy infrastructures (trams, other underground lines) limit increase in this share of displacements. The use of bus on such a spread out city not making gravitational public transport apart from the downtown area.

The Subway: The lines has and B

Line a: Basso-Cambo/Balma-Gramont

the line has , Basso-Cambo - Balma Gramont, South-western axis - the North-East (in the past until Jolimont, the extension was brought into service in December 2003): opened in 1993, it is mainly underground, but comprises some sections on Viaduc the line counts 18 stations for 12.5 km. It is about an automatic subway on tire of the type light automatic Véhicule (VALLEY 206 and VALLEY 208). Each oar is short and has a low capacity what is counterbalanced by a strong frequency of passage (1.20 min in rush hour; 6 minutes in off-peak hour). It transport generally 170.000 people per day. The oars leave the termini to 5:15 (first departure) the morning and to 0:00 (the last departure) the evening or 0:42 Friday and Saturday. It takes 22 minutes to go of one end for the other.

Line b: Borderouge/Ramonville

the line B , inaugurated and opened to the travellers on June 30th 2007, entirely underground North-South axis, energy of the district of Borderouge until the north of the commune of Ramonville Saint-Agne, in 15km and 20 stations. There still, the system VALLEY was selected. A prolongation into air of 5km towards the South at the station of Labège-Innopole (which will then be moved) is being studied.

The urban train: The lines C and D

Line C: Arenas/Colomiers-Station

The line C corresponds to a portion of the way of active railroad of Toulouse with Auch.

The length of this line is of 7 km with 6 stations: Arena-St Cyprien; TOEC; Lardenne; St Martin of Touch; Ramassiers; Colomiers. The way is not electrified, and is not double over the entire length: a portion in single track remains on the railway bridge with the top of the by-pass in spite of in-depth restoration which took place with the beginning of the year 2000.

It is exploited by the SNCF under the authority of the Midday-Pyrenees Area, because it is about FOR THE THIRD TIME. Tariffing is urban: there is possibility of using a ticket the SNCF or the tickets of Tisséo transport, allowing correspondences with the network drunk + Tisséo subway.

This line is in service (i.e.: the trains are accessible with an urban ticket) since 1993. At that time, the trains stopped only at the stations of the Arenas, Lardenne (named Gare of Capelles) and of Colomiers. Since 2003, new halts were built, and the circulation of the trains is reinforced. The trains generally used are X 73500.

On this line also pass from FOR THE THIRD TIME on the basis of Toulouse Matabiau going to the cities of Isle the Jordan and Auch, at the beginning of the station of Matabiau. They are either direct between St Cyprien and Colomiers or semi-direct, marking only the stop with Lardenne, and make them also part of the service road " C" line;. The trains used in this case there are X 72500, generally.

The service road is made 6:00 of the morning to 21:00, and it is not purely given rhythm. For example, the service road in the slow train is made most of the time with the half hour, the absence of certain services (there is no departure of St Cyprien to 10:50 whereas there was with 10:20 and that there will be with 11:20). One can say all the same that the service road is made grosso-modo at the frequency: - 20 mn between St Cyprien and Colomiers (47 outward journeys/returns per day),
- 25 mn between St Cyprien or Colomiers and Lardenne (38 A/R per day),
- 30 mn between any of the six stations of line (28 A/R per day).
The frequencies are notably reduced the weekends and bank holidays (divided by two).

The liner trafic C, following the reinforcement of 2003, passed from ~250 passengers to 1000 passengers by day.

To note the existence of an association, IVAC (There is a Life After Colomiers) gathering the users of the line C, and preaching a prolongation of the clocking beyond Colomiers, until Brax, and towards Toulouse to the St-Agne station.

Line D: Park Matabiau/Low wall-Station

The line D relates to the regional trains using the line going of Toulouse towards Montréjeau and Luchon.

It connects the Matabiau station to Muret (third city of the agglomeration and the department) with a halt in St-Agne station and to Portet-St-Simon. It was brought into service in December 2004, following some work (indication, station of Low wall) and an increase in the frequency of the trains, after some difficulties.

Currently, the frequencies are, roughly: - 20mn between Toulouse Matabiau and St Agne (47 A/R per day)
- 30 mn between Toulouse Matabiau or St Agne and Portet St Simon (32 A/R per day),
- 45 mn between Toulouse Matabiau or St Agne and Muret (20 A/R per day).
There still, the number of trains is notably reduced the weekends and bank holidays.

This line is not integrated into urban tariffing, and is not indicated either within Tisséo, it is to some extent a line " fantôme" . But there exists a combined tariffing " Toulouse Muret" + network tisséo, in any discretion.

Other lines of train registered in the PDU of 2001

All the other lines of train of Toulouse star of railroad are supposed according to the PDU being " améliorées" , without more detail, nor much of results.

The tram: The lines E and F

The line E: Arenas/Beauzelle-Garossos

It is about the first modern project of tram in the agglomeration. To its setting in business service 2011, the tram will daily transport 30.000 travellers, since the Arenas (correspondence with the lines has and C), until the limits of Beauzelle, via district of Purpan, Ancely and the town of Blagnac. Long of almost 11 kilometers, it will comprise 19 stations including 7 on the territory of Toulouse. The line E will serve already old districts like Casselardit and Ancely, but also of the sectors in full change like the Zenith, Purpan and the Cartridge factory. A green carpet will surround the ways on the major part of the layout on which will roll of the Citadis of Alstom.

Compared to the lines has and B, the first two lines strong of public transport of Toulouse, the line E constitutes a true projection in the direction where it is the first strong line with really leaving the communal territory of Toulouse, and to serve pieces suburbs in their globality (here, Blagnac) with the quality of service (speed, frequency, time amplitude) which results from this.

When the project of this line was launched for good, it was envisaged a sales launch in 2009. But with the reserves sullied the favorable opinion with the commission of public survey, and slowed down the process. The project superintendent - Tisséo SMTC- having agreed to answer it, a time was necessary before obtaining the declaration public utility, which took place on February 16th, 2007 whereas it was awaited at the base in autumn 2006.

Work started during the summer 2007.

Studies are launched by Tisséo-SMTC, to measure the feasibility and the profitability of a branch of the line E serving the airport. In addition the line E has vocation to be prolonged. The PDU of 2001 does not mention it but a nonofficial version of revision of PDU of 2004 made regard of it. It would be a question of passing by the boulevard Déodat de Séverac, the island of the Woodpigeon, Rangueil and Montaudran to reach Saint-Orens. No estimated date of startup is envisaged.

Diaporama of a model of the tram of the line E, on the site of the Dispatch of the South

Line F: Bridge Twins/Montaudran

Such a line is registered with the PDU, for a realization at the horizon 2015 pennies the heading " system guidé" (i.e. it is not acquired with certainty that will be a shoed tram, it will act can be of a tyred trolley bus guided mechanically or immatériellement). No study was made concerning this project to date, seriously calling into question its realization by 2015.

Buses

Principles of organization of the network

Toulouse has a network of 74 lines of bus (approximately 650km of variously well served lines) like of TaxiBus and the shuttles of Transport to the Request. Right before the startup of the line B, in fact the buses carried out the most displacements on the network (200 000 compared with 170.000 for the subway).

The lines of bus are organized overall out of star (cf supra), in spite of the presence of several boulevards encircling the city with different outdistances center town, of which a complete highway ring road.

The schedules of passage of the buses of the various lines are very variable. For the lines with strong traffic inside Toulouse, the passages are regular all N minutes (one speaks about " line with fréquence" , 5 with 15mn). On the contrary, for the new lines serving of the communes in periphery, there can be only one ten service roads per day or less (" line with horaire")

The strongest lines of the old network were:

line 2 : approximately 17.000 validations/day (Course Dillon - Rangueil University or CHR Rangueil),
line 10 : approximately 21.000 validations/day (the United States Fondeyre - Lespinet Struxiano),
line 16 : approximately 15.000 validations/day (Walloon Ernest Stage or Seven Sums of money - City of Hers),
line 22 : approximately 12.000 validations/day (the Marengo SNCF - Gonin),
line 24 : approximately 12.000 validations/day (Leclerc - Rangueil Quoted U),
line 38 : approximately 18.000 validations/day (Amouroux - Empalot),

Towards 19:30 the traffic of the buses is strongly tiny room on the whole of the lines. The schedule of the last bus of the evening for the service road of common the peripherals is towards 20:20. Beyond that, only the lines inside Toulouse function and they are limited starting from 22:00 to 6 lines of evening.

The buses used are of Mercedes O405GN, Heuliez GX 107, GX 317, GX317GNV, GX 327 as three GX327GNV used within the framework of the Althytude project with a mixture of hydrogen and GNV. A score of Irisbus Citelis 18 Disel were ordered recently.

The electric shuttles of the center town are of Oreos 22 E, and the TAD as well as shuttles 107 and 108 are generally equipped in Renault Master or Opel Vivaro.

Reorganization after the arrival of the line B

The arrival of the line B is an occasion to remove or fold back lines of buses which operated in the zones served by this new line of subway. This makes it possible to redistribute the offer of bus on other zones, generally in suburbs. In particular the southern and southern zones is suburbs will benefit from these increases in frequencies, coupled with the startup of exclusive rights of way (cf will infra). There will be to a bus every 5 minutes on the RN113 with Castanet and Auzeville, for example. The lines towards Pleasure, Portet and Castelginest, inter alia, will be also reinforced.

A document of communication was published recently by the SMTC, describing the various modifications of the network: Abcdaire.

The network of night has a light reinforcement. All the lines will pass to a clocking to half an hour then before the startup of the line B, all the lines of evening were given rhythm per hour (except N2, given rhythm at half an hour) Moreover, they will follow almost the same layout as of the lines of day, by taking some again the number, whereas before the line B, the lines of night were special lines making all Marengo the SNCF termini, even if it took again layouts of existing lines partly. A new line will pass in service of night, the 66 (Course Dillon - Noble Blagnac Grand), preceding the arrival of the line E - it will thus act of the line of night going further in suburbs whereas it north-western had never been served after 22:00 hitherto. The hours of end of service varied little, 0:30 for the last service center town - suburbs (1h Friday and Saturday) against 0:00 approximately currently.

The control lines of night will be thus the 2S, 10S, 12S, 16S, 22S, 38S, and 66S.

Additional infrastructures

Since the beginning of the years 2000, projects of sites reserved for bus progress.

It is a question of making circulate the buses on corridors reserved with priority with the intersections (tricolor fires controlled remotely) in order to improve the block speed of the lines. The bus stops are spaced than with the practice, still to improve the block speed there. They are in addition built with more care, with a high quay for an access on one level, a soft slope for the access to the people with reduced mobility.

The first with being carried out is the exclusive right of way of the sector Is, between Balma - Gramont and the commune of Quint-Fonsegrives. It is a bidirectional exclusive right of way in its first part (on the commune of Balma) then a site with one way with direction alternated on the commune of Quint-Fonsegrives. Once finished this exclusive right of way will accommodate a bus every 7 minutes on its joint base, towards the center of Balma (72), Quint Fonsegrives (77) and the industrial park of Ribaude with Saint-Orens-with-Gameville (83). It will be also borrowed by the shuttles from request 106. The first two kilometers were open at the end of 2005. The entirety of the infrastructure will be brought into service at the end of 2007.

The exclusive right of way of the RN113 will go in the south of the agglomeration: Ramonville-Saint-Agne, Auzeville-Tolosane and Castanet-Tolosan. Largest the project leaves the terminus of the line B " Ramonville" , the avenue François Mitterrand in Ramonville then the Road descends from Narbonne in Ramonville then Auzeville with a bidirectional exclusive right of way. To the entry of Castanet, installation is reduced to installations with the crossroads, taking again the layout from current the 62 passer by the boulevard of the Brooms, until Maladie. It will open in September 2007. This project was to also comprise a second branch, on the basis of the station Université Paul Sabatier and crossing the heart of Ramonville (by the Tolosane avenue) by an alternate one-way exclusive right of way allowing nevertheless a profit of three minute on this crossing of approximately 4 km. It will not be carried out since it received one unfavorable opinion with the public survey|date= May 25th, 2007 .

Among the projects one counts

Rangueil - Montaudran (" LMSE" : Liaison Multimodale Southern Is - bus in exclusive right of way)
Basso-Cambo - Cugnaux (" VCSM" : Channel St Martory - bus in exclusive right of way sees)

Appendices

Internal bonds

External bonds

Site of Tisséo, the organization exploiting the Toulouse network
Plane Toulouse network, drawn from the site of Tisséo
nonofficial Site on the Toulouse network
associative Project of PDU for the Toulouse agglomeration

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