Psychology of art

The psychology of art aims to the study of the phenomenon and state of consciousnesses Inconscient S with work in the artistic creation or the reception of work.

History

The analyzes artistic creation takes up the idea of a primacy of the artist himself in the interpretation of art; idea developed since the Rebirth and the Romanticism, and already included in the biographical approaches of certain historians of the art of XIXe (cf Kunstwissenschaft ).

From 1905, with the outline by Freud of the theory of the Impulse S, art becomes an object of Psychoanalyze. This step does not aim to the evaluation of the value of work, but to the explanation of the intrinsic psychic processes to its development.

“To find the relationship between the impressions of childhood and the destiny of the artist on a side and his works like reactions to these stimulations in addition, belongs to the object more attracting analytical examination” - Freud

This analysis is based in particular on the concept of sublimation; artistic creation is regarded as the transposition of an impulse (Désir): the attempt for the artist to overcome his dissatisfaction by the creation of an object socially developed, likely to satisfy its desire. In the same way, by this approach, art is considered like symptom: it then becomes the possible tool of a clinical diagnosis or a therapy (Art-therapy).

The analyzes reception prolongs the theory of the Gestalt , Psychologie of the form (20th). This analysis of art attempts to determine the psychological processes of the reception of works by the Spectateur. This reception is not then any more regarded simple perception and is discovered (of the knowledge of the artist), but as the recognition of a knowledge specific to the spectator, his own culture and its social environment (Gombrich, Arnheim).

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