The New Caledonia is cut out in three communities which one calls provinces . Each province gathers several communes. One currently counts 33 communes.

The provinces are:

• Southern Province, the richest province. Chief town Noumea (President: Philippe Gums, Future together).
• Northern Province, chief town Koné (President: Paul Néaoutyine, FLNKS - PLAIN - Palika).
• Province of the islands Honesty, chief town Lifou and more particularly the village of Wé (President: Néko Hnepeune, FLNKS - CPU).

The commune of Poya is with horse on the provinces North and South.

The representatives of the Provinces (14 for islands Loyauté, 22 for the Northern province and 40 for the Southern province) are elected with proportional, each party having to gather 5% of the registered voters of the province to be able to be represented. Then, a proportion of each of the three assemblies is selected to constitute the Congrès (7 of the Loyauté islands, 15 of North and 32 of the South).