Provinces and territories of Canada

The Canada consists of ten provinces and three territories .

The provinces are States which exist under the terms of the Canadian constitution and have in their fields of competence of the sovereign capacities, independently of the federal government.

The Canadian territories are administrative divisions which concern the Canadian federal Parliament, which has reserved certain capacities for their local governments by a simple law.

Distribution of the capacities

See also: constitutional Debate in Canada, Amorce=Voir also

The distribution of the capacities or respective fields of competence of the federal government and the provinces is envisaged mainly in articles 91,92 and 93 of the constitutional Loi of 1867. The objects not envisaged by the constitution concern the federal government; it is what one indicates by the waste expression capacity .

Each province has its Parliament, its government (Prime Minister, ministers), its Lieutenant governor, his budget, its courts, etc the fields of competence belonging to the provinces include/understand in particular the property and the civil laws, the social programs, health, education, the administration of justice, the institutions municipal, etc the provinces can raise an income tax and charge excise taxes. Some of them receive and/or equalization transfer payments of the federal government under the terms of administrative agreements between the two government orders.

The territory is an administrative entity to which the federal Parliament granted the existence of a legislative assembled , but it remains under the sovereignty of the General governor of Canada and under the jurisdiction of the government of Canada via a Commissaire named by the House of Commons. The territories are always a creation of a law of the Parlement of Canada. There exists a current policy in the territories promoting a legal transformation of the statute of the territories into province.

The provincial and territorial legislatures are monocamérales, two authorized provinces (Quebec and Nova Scotia) having abolished their legislative council (not elected Upper House) to preserve only the elected legislative assembly. The provincial legislatures function according to a procedure similar to that of the Canadian House of Commons. The chief of the government of each province, called the Prime Minister, is generally the chief of the party which has the most seats at the legislative assembly. It is also the case with the Yukon. The legislatures of the Territories of the North-West and the Nunavut do not have parties. The representative of the queen in each province is the lieutenant-governor; for the territories, the equivalent is the police chief, who represents the federal government rather than the queen directly, but in general exerts the functions symbolic systems of a lieutenant-governor.

Synopsis

(*) Manitoba, Yukon, Alberta, Saskatchewan and Nunavut were at the origin of the parts of the Territories of Nord-Ouest.

See too

  • List of the provinces and Canadian territories in order of entry in the Confederation
  • List of the provinces and territories Canadian by surface
  • List of the provinces and territories Canadian by population
  • Canadian List of the provinces and territories alphabetically

Simple: Provinces and territories off Canada Zh-min-nan: Canada E séng kap léng-thó͘

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