Province of Kermanshah

Kermanshah (Kurdish Kirmaşan in , RTL Persan F كرمانشاه in ) is one of the 30 provinces of Iran. It is located in the west of the country, with the border with Iraq. Between 1979 and the years 1990, it was known under the name of Bakhtaran .

Its capital, Kermanshah () is located in the center of the Western part of Iran. Population of the east city of 690000 people.

The city is located on the slopes of the mountain Kooh-e Sefid, which is the most famous top in the area of Kermanshah. The city extends on more 10km in length, along the Rivière Sarab and of the valley of the same name. The altitude of the east city of 1420 m to the top of the sea level.

The distance between Kermanshah and Teheran is of 525 km. It is the center of the commercial exchanges of an area which produces cereals, Riz, vegetables, fruits, plant oils, but also of many industries like sugar and oil refineries, flour, cement, textile, etc the airport is located at the North-East of the city and the distance as the crow flies to Teheran east of 413 km.

History

Evidence shows that this province accommodated the man since the times paleolithic and Neolithic. While taking of account the historic buildings found in the province, one realizes that the province was very appraisal for the periods Achéménide and Sassanide.

Kermanshah is one of the ancient cities of Iran and it is known as that Tahmores Divband, a mythical leader of Pishdadiens built it. Some allot construction to Vahram IV (4th century. During the reign of Khosro Ier and Hormizd IV of the dynasty Sassanide, Kermanshah was with the ridge of its glory, then became then a secondary royal residence.

The city suffers then important damage during the invasion of the Arabs. At the period Safavide, it regained importance. At the same time as the Afghan invasion and the fall of Esfahan, Kermanshah was destroyed by the invasion Othoman E.

During the War Iran-Iraq, the province lived very important combat. The majority of the cities were extremely touched, some like Zar-e Pol-e Zahab and Qhasr-e Shirin was almost destroyed.

Climate

Being located between two cold areas and a hot area, the province enjoys a rather moderate and mountainous climate. It rains for the majority in winter and it is only moderately hot in summer. Precipitations annual are of 500mm. The average temperature in the hottest months is higher than 22°C.

Language

The province is occupied for the majority by Kurdish Iranian, speakers Persan S and At the time. There exists also a minority of Arab and Turks in the province? In addition to the inhabitants of the cities and villages, there are also nomads divided in the province. The high assembly lines near the border Iraq ienne are the habitat of the Kurdish tribes. The prevalent language is the Kurdish (a dialect of the Kurd of the south called " Kurdî Basûr"), but the Persan and other languages is also spoken.

Personalities

One of the writers and scientists, famous in the area, is Al-Dinawari which was born with Dinawar, in the North-East of Kermanshah. He lived at the 9th century and wrote many books of Astronomie, Botanique and history.

One of the other celebrities born in Kermanshah is the British author Doris Lessing (born in 1919, whose father, officer in the British army, was stationed there at the time of his birth.

Local products

Kermanshah gave its name has a type of Persian carpet named according to the name of the area. The area is also famous for these gâteux facts containing rice flour, called Nân berendji. The other produced famous of Kermanshah is a kind of named special oil Rune Dân, more largely known in Iran under the name of Roghan Kermanshahi.

Attractions

the inscription of Darius Ier with Behistun (): in a site with 1300 meters of altitude in the mountains, one of the most famous sites of the archeology of the Middle East which has attracted the passers by for one remote time. It is which Sir Henry Rawlinson copied the inscription in three languages of Darius Ier (dynasty Achéménide) engraved in 522 av JC. in Old man-Persan, élamite and in Akkadien, an important step towards the possible deciphering of the wedge-shaped writings in the middle of the 19th century. The relief of Bisotoun under the inscription represents Darius dealing with nine rebellious kings, that the sovereign achéménide deposited when it arrived at the capacity.

With the foot of the hill three low-reliefs Parthes are, recognized as being the oldest Parthes reliefs, devastated by time, engraved by Sheik Ali Khan Zanganeh, the Prime Minister for the king Safavide Shah Süleyman Ier

Bas reliefs Sassanides of Taq-e Bostan (651 av JC - 224 av JC): Kings Sassanides chose a sensational provision for their low-reliefs cut in the stone of Taq-e Bostan, to 6 km in the North-East of Kermanshah. A crowned water cascade falls of a cliff in the mountain and fills a large basin. In winter, the landscape is filled there of fogs and steam.

One of the most impressive reliefs, in the largest cave or " iwan" , is a giant equestrian statue of king Sassanide, Khosro II (591 - 628 a. JC) assembled on its favorite destrier, Shabdiz. The horse and its rider are both represented in armor of combat. There are two scenes of hunting on each side of the iwan, a representative a hunting for wild boar and the other, in the same spirit, shows the king driving out a stag. Elephants push wild boars to be left a marshy lake so that the king can draw them with his arc and his arrows while hunting is accompanied by women musicians following in other boats. These scenes of royal hunting are among most alive of all the low-reliefs, and are really of narrative nature. Jumping 1300 years of history, the higher relief shows the king Qajar Fath Ali Shah and his court.

the Temple of Anahita (200 av JC) to Kangavar: Kangavar is a small town between Hamedan and Kermanshah (90 km in the east of Kermanshah). In the neighborhoods of 200 av JC, in the times of the occupation by the empire Séleucide of Kangavar, a major sanctuary was high with the goddess mother Anahita who was adored in Persia antique at the sides of Ahura Mazda and Mithra.

This vast temple was built with enormous blocks of stone and has an imposing entry with two flights of stairs opposed, which could have been inspired by Apadana with Persepolis.

Kurdish poets originating in the province of Kermanshah

Mustafa Besarani, (1642-1701)
Khana Qubadi, (1700-1760)
Sarhang Almas Khan, middle of the 17th century
Sheyda Hewramí (1784-1852)
Muhammad Wali Kermashani, (1901-?)
Shami Kermashani (Shamurad Mushtaq), (1927 -). (see and)

Contemporary Kurdish poets

Jalil Ahangarnejad (Kermanshah)
Javad Sharifi (Haroon Abad)
Reza Jamshidi (Sar Zahab Pole)
Kawe Khosrawi
Parto
Pariwash Malakshahi (Qasr Shirin)

External bonds

Kirmashan website, Kurdish Culture
Kirmasan Nîstimanî Xwesnîsan (Kurdish Poetry)

Random links: