The province of Adamaoua is a province of the Cameroun. It is frontier with the Nigeria in the west and the Central African Republic (BECAUSE) in the east.

This mountainous area marks the border between the forest Cameroun of the south and savannas of north. Of a surface of 64.000 km ², Adamoua is the 3rd province of the Cameroun by its size.

The ground poor and is slightly populated. The principal economic activity is the breeding of cattle (zebus).

The Islam is the principal religion. The Peul S form the ethnic independent group of the province, but there exist strong minorities Tikar and Gbaya, as well as other smaller ethnos groups.

Geography

Geology

Adamaoua is one of the more various areas geologically Cameroun. The mountains of Gotel and Mambila at the border with Nigeria are composed mainly of granite, and thus of crystalline and metamorphic rocks such as the mica, the schists, and the gneiss. Those are often covered with volcanic basalt, a combination which dominates to the river of Faro. In the east of the province, the granites continue to reign with the sedimentary shapes of rock of the valley of the river Mbéré, and a metamorphic zone of rock surrounds this. The river Lom also runs in a metamorphic area of rock. The volcanic rock is present the North-West until the east of the mountains of Gotel and with the North-East of Ngaoundéré, the provincial capital, along border with the province of north.

Grounds are composed most of the time of Latérite red or brownish, result of the erosion of the mountains due to alternations of dry and wet seasons. The iron aluminum content and is high. The North-West of the province has the ground rich in iron, and several mountains of the province, including the mounts Gotel and Mambila, contain one mix several types of ground.

Hydrography

Adamawa is sometimes called the " castle of eau" from Cameroun, since a great number of rivers of country take sources in this area. The latter know risings from May to September during the rain season. The rivers of the province are thrown in three different basins: the Niger river, the lake Chad, and the Atlantic Ocean.

Rivers of Adamaoua:

• Mayo Deo
• Mbéré and Fortified it, affluents of Logone
• Mbam
• Kim
• Djérem, tributary of Sanaga
• Lom

A volcanic long story left behind it many lakes of craters in the province. The most known lakes Firebrand and Mbalang close to Ngaoundéré.

Relief

Powerful geothermic forces worked Adamaoua. The province starts in the south as an element of the plate of the south of Cameroun. The ground rises gently and unequally until approximately 6 north degrees of latitude. With this latitude the plate of Adamaoua which begins ranges between 1.000 to 2.000 m of altitude (approximately of 1.100 m on average) and which extends from the Nigeria to the Central African Republic.

Altitude plunges to 500 m in the valleys of Djérem and Mbéré and with the north of Ngaoundéré. The plate continues until approximately 8 north degrees then until the depression of Benué and finishes out of abrupt cliffs and active volcanos (although this transitory zone is for the majority in the province of north).

The Gotels mounts are in the north of the Mabila mounts along the border with Nigeria. All these mountains belong to the edge of Cameroun. Tchabal Mbabo, in the Gotel mounts, is the top highest with 3.400 Mr.

Climate

The high altitude of the province gives a relatively fresh climate included/understood enters 22 and 25 degrees. In the south of the province, it is an equatorial climate of Guinean type with four seasons: a long season dries from December to May, a small wet season from May to June, a small dry season from July to October, and long rain season from October at November.

On the plate of Adamaoua, the climate is of tropical type soudanien. Only two seasons ago: the dry period goes from November to April then comes the wet season. Precipitations annual averages are from 900 to 1.500 mm and decrease more in north.

The third type of climate in the south-west of Adamaoua (department of Mayo-Banyo) is an equatorial climate of Cameronian type. Precipitations go from 1.500 to 2.000 mm by with a long dry season followed by a long rain season.

Fauna and flora

The vegetation of Adamawa was tested considerably by the man. Adamaoua was in the past covered with forests, but the practice of the repeated densherings and the breeding of the zebus trampling the ground changed the ground. In the south, it is Guinean savanna, a transitory zone between the forest south of Cameroun and desert north. On the plate itself, there is savanna, although it is less wooded. The grass cover is consistente and thick, and the original vegetation always survives in the river valleys.

Adamaoua counts two national reserves: the National park of Mbam and Djérem (4165 km ² with horse on the provinces of Adamaoua and the East) and the National park of Boumba Ndjida (with horse on the provinces of Adamaoua and North).

Demography

Centres of population

Adamaoua is populated in a strewn way.

Ngaoundéré is one of the cities of the Cameroun to the more strong growth because of its situation to the terminus of the line Yaounde-Ngaoundéré (Transcamerounais). The modern city is thus has sprawling farmhouse off winding streets surrounding the traditional town. It is also has off microcosm the province' S ethnic diversity, ace representative off most off the Adamawa' S peoples edge Be found there.

The department of Mayo-Banyio has one population density slightly more raised than the remainder of the province, largely due to the highly concentrated Mambila and Konja off the Mambila Mountains and the Vute and Kutin off the Gotel Mountains. The northern to border also has slightly higher population density than the Fulbe interior.

Ethno-linguistics groups

The ethnicities of Adamaoua can be categorized by languages.

Bantous Languages of the south:

The first ethnico-linguistics group is the group of the ethnos groups with Bantous languages of the south. They are mainly the following ethnos groups:

• Ndoros
• Sugas
• Vutes
• Mambila
• Konja
• Tikars

Languages of Adamaoua:

The ethnos groups speakers of languages of Adamaoua sets up the second ethno-linguistics group. The four principal ethnos groups are:

• Kutins
• Kalis
• Mboums
• Diis

Languages of Oubangui:

Only one ethnicity can be classified in this division: Gbayas.

Languages sénégambiennes:

Only one ethnos group can be classified in this group, the fulbes, so called peuls or fulani. They account for 60% of the population of the province.

One can divide them into 2 sub-groups:

• the sedentaries
• the nomads (also called Bororo).

Religion

Islam is the dominant religion of the province of Adamaoua, in particular within the Peul ethnos group. Even among them, however, there has noted difference between the sedentary Fulbe, who are more religious, and the nomadic Bororo, who are often only nominally Muslim. Christianity has made nap inroads, though Christians are in has distinct minority. Much ethnos group preserves however traditions animists or pagan, particularly in the mountains close to the border Nigerian.