Proville

Proville is a common French, located in the department of the Northern and the area Nord-Pas-de-Calais.

Geography and environment

Proville is marked by the presence of the Scheldt which hydrographiquement binds it to the Belgium and with the Netherlands. The Scheldt explains also a tablecloth Alluvial E, also fed since the 19th century by the channeled Scheldt, the length whose many hamlets and industries settled. Proville is the last city where the water of the natural Scheldt was still clean in the years 1980-1990, whereas water of the channeled Scheldt is poorer. It is also the last part of the Scheldt whose banks are disturbed little, before Cambrai. The flow of the Scheldt with Proville is still modest (on average 1,9 measure-cubic a second in Proville).

The city in addition shelters also collecting fields and a intra-urban Captage of drinking water (timbered and enclosed) in an area where water quality and its availability start to pose problem.
La presence of a tablecloth locally levelling, at least until the development of modern means of drainage, allowed the conservation of micropaysages of patrimonial interest in a peripheral context of Agriculture which is among most intensive of the world (Openfield).

In the Cambrésis where the intensive agriculture has since the Middle Ages pushed back the forest towards the Avesnois and the Thiérache, Proville is one of the rare wooded cities. These elements make of Proville a city with important issues within the framework of the WISE the Scheldt.

La common is also touched by an increasing land pressure related on the installation of a retail park, the high density of population of the Nord-Pas-de-Calais area, and to the growth of the agglomeration close to Cambrai of which it becomes little by little the “lung green” . The infrastructures multiply there of which most important is the southern skirting of Cambric which required the contribution of 30.000 tons materials by coming from Saint Saulve (either 100 return ticket of Seven barges of 300t), which avoided 2400 return tickets of trucks in an ecologically significant zone), but while contributing to a new fragmentation of the ecological corridor that the valley of the Scheldt constitutes.

Environment

In the years 1990, after the close-cropped cut of the Poplar plantation S of Chenu Wood for the construction of a European Golf (finally abandoned project), the new municipality set up a network of Protected spaces or managed by taking of account the biodiversity, whose structuring elements are:

the Scheldt, and the Scheldt channeled ; if Scheldt-truth, not very deep and not very broad to Proville, has only little of effects in term of Fragmentation ecological (Gué S in period of low water level, Canopée quasi-jointed which will in the long term form a Forêt gallery allowing for example the crossing of the Scheldt by the squirrels, others Microphone-mammal S and many Invertébré S), the same does not apply for from there the channeled Scheldt, which is bordered of walls and Palplanche S that an animal fallen to water could not climb. Proville has nevertheless the chance to have preserved on a widened part of the channel which formerly made it possible a small barge to make a half turn, a soft inclined descent, but only one bank. Some reflections of ecological reconnection took place, with actions implemented in the years 1990-2000 on Scheldt-truth (renaturation of the banks and the Ripisylve, footbridge vegetalized and of observation… but not on its channeled part, where the splitting up effect is major.
the “Chenu Wood” (public), whose name does not mean " wood of chêne" , as in other area, but is inherited the name of its former owner Mr. Chenu). With the assistance of Europe, Diren, the District council, and the councils of the Regional center of the forest owners (CRPF), INRA (for the genetic conservation) and of the ONF which were associated with the project, this wood was the subject of a plan of management restauratoire aiming the return of the biodiversity firstly.
the “Wood of the Madness” (private)
a network of wetlands relictuelles and meadows (known as “Meadows of the Scheldt” ) which play an essential functional part for the restoration, protection and management of water in Cambrésis.

Whereas the Ripisylve of the Scheldt had almost disappeared or was in very bad condition, after the cleaning of a industrial Friche near, the site of Chenu Wood, and the meadows of the Scheldt were the subject of a beginning of attentive restoration, with the assistance of the Botaniste S and ecologist S of the Conservatoire botany national of Bailleul, and experts of the Academy of the sites, in bond with the policy green Trame of the District council and with a teaching valorization (descriptive, guided visits, operation " frequency grenouille" of protection of Amphibien S which formerly was made crush on the roads, victims of the Roadkill).

Fault large Herbivorous S, the 12 hectares of Prairie abandoned on the reads major of the Scheldt started since the end of the year 1980 with embroussailler. The Academy of the Natural Sites of North and the Pas-de-Calais led, since 1996, of the operations of ecological restoration (late mowings with export of the products of mowing, fences, clearings of undergrowth, digging or clearing out of Mare S, extensive pasture by Bovin S on 6 hectares, in bond with a local farmer.).

Several rare species or before not observed in the area for summer have found there. One counted in the only meadows managed with the Academy of the sites 85 species of higher plants, of which for example Achillée sternutatory and the Dactylorhize neglected, rare or threatened of disappearance in the area Nord-Pas-de-Calais. At least 29 species of birds nest there of which the Reed bunting, the Rousserolle reed warbler, in strong regression in the North of France. Species as the Busard of the reeds (nichor) there are regarded as goods Bioindicateur S, just as the great number of dragonflies (25 different species observed in 10 years).

These installations and sites protected with the assistance from the Europe, the Area and DIREN allowed the return of a certain biodiversity and a Naturalité appreciated by the public. They also aim at mitigating the effects of the raw on the Cambric agglomeration and its downstream. The alluvial wetlands restored there indeed store significant volumes of water, which are purified there before - to some extent - reloading the Nappe. Nevertheless the urban pressure, the projects of Road S, the intensive agriculture still has significant and not controlled impacts. A line with high voltage crosses the valley and Chenu wood, and it is also expected that a road (southern Cambric skirting) crosses the commune and its wetlands and timbered, constituting a double danger to the migrating birds. To date, it is interdict to let push the trees under the line high voltage, but this zone is used as genetic seedbed of interest for Inra.

History

Denomination: Perhaps the city owes its name with a Germanic owner. Indeed, after the Roman rout vis-a-vis the invasions of the 5th century, the field (villa) agricultural changed hands. The prefix " pro " would be a contraction of a name of owner, " villa " having given " ville" within the meaning of village.

Prehistory and Antiquity

Proville knew a human, and industrial occupation at least since the Neolithic time, where it accommodated a lithic industry (example) which is however difficult with precisely dating because in particular of the rehandlings of ground and the absence of associated Céramique. The vestiges attesting of a prehistoric and ancient occupation are numerous, and from the point of view paleoecologic, this area was to have a great interest (rich Grounds, wetlands probably accommodating very many fish, birds and large mammalian easy to drive out for the prehistoric Man). One found in 1968 with the locality `' the cut way of Hermènne'' of many stones, Concerning the Gallo-Roman period , the site of Marlière delivered at the end of the years 1960 the vestiges of a vast Gallo-Roman villa of the High-Empire and medium of IVe century, interesting in particular by its remains of a mosaic rich person . One also found there stones cut dating from the Moustérien.

the Middle Ages and Old mode

The layers dating from the High Middle Ages delivered a Carolingian habitat to the place known as `' the Sources''. Current the residence of the Sources was built there is a score of years to the site of a habitat of the High-Means-Old . The absence of constructions at this place during several centuries and/or the " déplacement" is original cradle due to the Norman and/or Hungarian raids of the 9th century which decimated the Cambrésis? One is unaware of it still.

The village belonged to several seigneuries.
In 1677, the king Louis XIV directed there the seat of the town of Cambrai.
The marshal of Luxembourg installed a position with the supposed of Marlière .

the Revolution

The first mayor of Proville elected in February 1790 was Charles Crepin, the Censier of Marlière.

Ten ninth century

In 1810, Napoleon 1st passes to Proville to inaugurate the Canal of Saint-Quentin ". 50 years after, In 1860, Pierre Bertrand-Milcent installs in Proville a trade with mechanical weaving, It is the first for the Cambric district. He builds a working city there contiguous. In 1892, Bernard Bourgeois (mayor of Proville 1904 to 1914) installs a chicorey factory with Proville joining in 1900 Octave Labbe (manufacturing oils with Cambrai and holder of the mill to be twisted of Cantigneul).

XX {{E}} century

The village and its wood with the three quarters were destroyed during the First World War, with an episode particularly violent in November 1917 at the time of the battles of Cambric, and in October 1918 at the time of the German fold. The church is destroyed and in December 1918, the village is recognized disaster victim to 90%.

During the Second world war, the May 30th 1943, the commune is again occupied. A Stirling bomber of R.A.F R.A.F), of return of mission in the Ruhr, attacked by a German hunter of night, is crushed with one of the entries of the village, close to the first houses. The only victims were five of the seven members of the crew to which - since the erection of a memorial, and more recently of a didactic Stèle - the population pays homage accurately.

Whereas in the years 1960, the village becomes increasingly residential, seeing its population multiplied by 4 in 25 years, the Bois Chenu continuous to play a big role in the history of the commune and sound Environnement.

Administration

The first mayor of Proville elected in February 1790 was Charles Crepin, censier of Marlière.

Proville belongs to the Communauté of Cambric agglomeration.

Demography

Sport

Proville Tennis shoe: The club Proville Basket joined Cambrai Tennis shoe recently to train a hopes team (= 7th French level). 5 of the 12 players constituting this team are outclassed and are only 17 years old.
During years, the Team of Tennis shoe of Proville played very high level, being classified several seasons of continuation in the first rank of N2.

Football Provillois Club is one of largest associations of the commune. Created in 2000, the club counts approximately 250 bachelors.

See too

Internal bond

Wood Chenu
Common After-effects of war
of North

External bonds

Official site of the commune of Proville ''
Presentation of the community of Cambric agglomeration, which gathers 22 common since December 2004 ''
Paroles old (House of the Inheritance)
Proville on the site of the national geographical Institute
Proville on the site of INSEE
Proville on the site of Quid
Localization of Proville on a chart of France and communes bordering
Plan on Proville on Mapquest

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