Proto-Ionian theory
The proto-Ionian theory is a theory primarily Linguistique (with however of important effects on the Archéologie and the old story) of which the goal is to replace the “Théorie of Risch-Chadwick” suggested in the Années 1950 by the linguist Swiss Ernst Risch and mainly defended by John Chadwick, a philologist who took part in the deciphering of the writing known as Linéaire B.
The theory of Risch-Chadwick supposes that at the time of the period of the Average Bronze, the Greek dialects were shared in two groups only: the “proto-dorien group” (or “West Groups”), and the “Group of the East” (or “South Groups”) of the Greece, ancestor of all the other Greek dialects.
An important consequence of this theory is that inside the Group of the East, separation between the dialect Ionian-attic and the other dialects (arcado-Cypriot, wind, etc) occurred only after 1200 av. J. - C., at the end of the time mycénienne.
The proto-Ionian theory begins again, on the contrary, the old idea of the linguist Paul Kretschmer, known as “theory of the three waves”, which supposes a separation of the Greek Dialectes in three groups (and not in two only), which would have occurred as of 3000 av. J. - C., three groups in question being, in the chronological order, the proto-Ionian-attic group, the proto-Achaean group (in particular including the Mycénien) and proto-dorien groups it.
The essential difference between the two theories thus relates to the existence, in the second, of Proto-Ionian at the time of the period of the Ancien Bronze Age. The difference between the theory of the three waves of Paul Kretschmer and the proto-Ionian theory relates to simply the arrival of these Proto-Ionian in Égée: instead of being come by terrestrial way, like the other waves, the proto-Ionian theory the fact of coming by sea route through the the Bosphorus. In this last theory, marine people of dialect proto-Ionian-attic would thus have been established with Troy, in the Cyclades, in Eubée and in Attique, during the Ancien Bronze Age, that is to say between 2900 and 2200 av. J. - C, several centuries before the arrival of the Achaens /Myc éniens, then Doriens in continental Greece.
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